Memory 2 Flashcards

(5 cards)

1
Q

coding

A
  • baddely tested this by giving ppts lists of words which were acoustically similar/disimilar, same w semantic
  • recall it it immediately using stm it was found they struggled more w acoustically similar words and 20 mins later recall it was more difficult w semantically similar words
  • shows that stm is coded acoustically and ltm is coded semantically
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2
Q

coding - evaluation

A
  1. separate memory stores
    - supports the existence of separate memory stores, reinforces the multi store model
    - later research also suggests stm is acoustic and ltm is semantic
  2. artificial stimuli
    - used artificial word lists, not meaningful
    - memory coding may be diff if we are using actual meaningful information
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3
Q

capacity

A
  • jacobs conducted a study using digit span into stm capacity where he asked ppts to recall and increasingly longer list of sequences of numbers and letters
  • found that digit span for numbers was 9.3 and 7.3 for letters
  • miller also suggested that stm capacity is 7+-2 items and chunking can help improve this
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4
Q

capacity - evaluation

A
  1. valid study
    - his study has been replicated which confirms its reliability
    - however earlier research did lack strict controls and so findings may have been influenced by distractions
    - later research w strict controls supports his study
  2. not so many chunks
    - estimate of 7+-2 items may be too high
    - cowan found a closer estimate of 4+- 1 chunks may be more accurate
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5
Q

duration

A

stm :
- peterson and peterson conducted a study into stm duration
- ppts had to learn a list of consonant syllables but had to count backwards from a 3 digit number to prevent rehearsal from happening
- found that there was 80% accurate recall at 3 seconds and 3% accurate recall at 18 seconds
- stm duration is 18secs

ltm :
- bahrick studied ltm using high school yearbooks
- found after 15 years that recognition of classmates faces was 90% accurate but declined to 70% after 48 years
- free recall was less accurate suggesting ltm duration lasts a lifetime but can decline overtime

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