memory studies

Question 1

who investigated encoding into STM

Answer 1

Baddley

Question 2

how does the stm encode

Answer 2

acoustically

Question 3

describe the study into encoding into STM

Answer 3

4 different conditions
1 group learnt semantically similar words
1 group learnt semantically different words
1 group learnt acoustically similar words
1 group learnt acoustically dissimilar words
Had to recall in the correct order immediately
worst recall in acoustically similar words

Question 4

describe the study into encoding into LTM

Answer 4

4 different conditions
1 group learnt semantically similar words
1 group learnt semantically different words
1 group learnt acoustically similar words
1 group learnt acoustically dissimilar words
Had to recall in the correct order
after 20 minutes had worst recall in semantically similar words

Question 5

how does the LTM encode

Answer 5

semantically

Question 6

strength of Baddeley’s research into encoding

Answer 6

supports the idea of separate memory stores - important step in our understanding of memory

Question 7

limitation of Baddeley’s encoding

Answer 7

artificial task lacks mundane realism - hard to generalise to real life

Question 7

who investigated capacity of STM

Answer 7

miller

Question 8

describe the study into capacity of STM

Answer 8

ppts were shown an increasing number of digits and asked to recall straight away - most rembered between 5-9

Question 9

what is the capacity of LTM

Answer 9

86+-8bn neurones

Question 10

what is the capacity of STM

Answer 10

7+-2 items

Question 11

who investigated capacity of LTM

Answer 11

Azevedo

Question 11

who investigated duration of STM

Answer 11

Peterson + Peterson

Question 12

describe the study into duration of STM

Answer 12

given a trigram of letters to remember
then given a 3 digit number
ppts had to count backwards from the number until told to stop
each trial varied the time of counting
found that most people recalled up to 18-21s

Question 13

what is the duration of STM

Answer 13

18-21s

Question 14

who investigated the duration of LTM

Answer 14

Bahrick

Question 15

describe the study into duration of LTM

Answer 15

studied 392 american ppts aged between 17 and 74
recall was tested by photo recognition of yearbook and a free recall of names in their yearbook

ppts within 15 years of graduation had 90% accurate photo recall
after 48 years post graduation it dropped to 74%
free recall after 15 years was 60% and dropped to 30% after 48 years

Question 15

what is the duration of LTM

Answer 15

a lifetime