Meningitis Flashcards by Phil son

Q

Name the top 3 MCC of meningitis in the newborn.

A

Group B streptococci
E. Coli
Listeria

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Q

MCC of meningitis in 6 months to 6 years?

A

N. Meningitidis

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Q

How does N. Meningitidis enter into the brain?

A

Enters via nasopharynx=>blood=>Brain

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Q

MCC of meningitis in Teens?

A

N. Meningitidis

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Q

For adults, MCC of Meningitis?

A

S. Pneumoniae

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Q

MCC of viral meningitis?

A

Enteroviruses (esp. coxsackievirus)

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Q

MCC of HIV meningitis?

A

Cryptococcus

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Q

MCC of unimmunized children?

A

H. Influ

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Q

What has reduced greatly with introduction of conjugate H. Influ vaccine?

A

H. Influ Meningitis

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Q

Stick Needle in between where?

A

L3-L5

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Q

For bacterial, CSF would show?

A

Low Sugar
High Protein
Increased PMNs

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Q

For Fungal, CSF would show?

A

Low Sugar
High Protein
Increased Lymphocytes

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Q

For Viral, CSF would show?

A

All are normal except increased Lymphocytes

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Q

Complications of meninigitis is most likely seen in?

A

Bacterial meningitis

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Q

What are these complications?

A

Herniation, Hydrocephalus, hearing loss

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Q

Treatment of Meningitis?

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A

Ceftriaxone, vancomycin and add ampillcin if listeria is present

Q

L3-L5 is at the level of

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A

Cauda equina

Q

Neisseria meningitidis can lead to wide spread?

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A

DIC, Petechial rash, Adrenal Hemorrhage

Q

Meningitis vaccine cover all capsules except?

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A

B

Q

Does Meningitidis ferment just glucose?

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A

No, Maltose and Glucose

Q

Two main virulence factor of Meningitidis?

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A

IgA protease
Capsular

NessierCIA

Q

HIV patient with headache and fever?

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A

Cryptococcus

Q

Cryptococcus is most commonly found in?

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A

pigeon poop

Q

Virulence factor of Cryptococcus?

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A

Thick Polysaccharide capsule (repeating antigen)

Budding yeast with thick capsule?

Cryptococcus | Sarcophagus

Where does Cryptococcus first affect?

Lungs | Coughing

What do you see in an x-ray with Cryptococcus?

SOAP Bubble lesions | SOAP BUBBLE on mummy

Two tests to get Cryptococcus?

``` Latex Agglutinins (Latex gloves) India Ink (Milwaukee Bucks) ```

Tx of Cryptococcus?

Amphotericin B+Flucytosine

Collection of students/Army recruits?

Nessieria Meningiditis

Kidney Bean-Shaped Gram neg. Cocci?

Nessieria Meningiditis

What in Nessieria Meningitidis causes death?

LOS outer membrane lipooligosaccharide

MCC of bacterial meningitis?

S. pneumoniae

Narrow Zone of ß-Hemolysis?

Listeria Monocytogenes

Listeria Monocytogenes description?

Tumbling motility

Does Listeria grow well in Cold Temperatures?

Yes

In what way does Listeria get into the body?

Cheese, unpasteurized milk

Tx of Meningitis?

Ceftriaxone (think Meningitidis) and ampicillin

Why do you add ampicillin to the Tx?

For Listeria