MEQ 2008

Question 1

BMI ranges!!

Answer 1

18.4, 18.5-24.9, 25-29.9, 30-34.9, 35-39.9, 40+

Question 2

1) Give 2 factors in the economic environment for being overweight (4)
2) Give 2 factors in the cultural environment for being overweight (4)

Answer 2

1) Give 2 factors in the economic environment for being overweight (4)
- Unhealthy/fattening food tends to be cheaper
- There is more advertising for unhealthy food due to its production by large manufacturers

2) Give 2 factors in the cultural environment for being overweight (4)
- If family eat a lot of junk food then you’re likely to as well
- Social aspect of going out for dinner/drinking with friends

Question 3

3) What is the first line treatment for obesity? (2)

Answer 3

3) What is the first line treatment for obesity? (2)

- Encourage the patient to do more exercise and start having a healthy diet

Question 4

1) Give 2 social consequences of being overweight (4)

Answer 4

• You may find it difficult to work, especially if the work is physically demanding
• Someone overweight may not want to partake in social activities because they’re embarrassed of their weight
• Can lead to isolation and depression

Question 5

1) What chemical marker will show that the male is infertile? (2)

Answer 5

FSH/Testosterone

Question 6

1) What hormone causes production of sperm? (2)

Answer 6

FSH

Question 7

1) What is the most abundant glucocorticoid in man? (1)

Answer 7

Cortisol

Question 8

What hormones does cortisol affect?

Answer 8

Cortisol has an affect on:
Adrenaline by upregulating beta adrenergic receptors – potentiates adrenaline
Insulin – antagonistic affect to insulin, stops it from acting on cells as cortisol wants to maintain high blood glucose for stressful situation
Glucagon – cortisol has the same effect as glucagon on blood glucose levels so promotes the action of glucagon

Question 9

Name the pituitary hormone that can cause patients to become hyperpigmented. (2)

Answer 9

anterior pituitary = adrenocorticotrophic hormone

Question 10

1) What is the most common protein in the Glomerulus?

Answer 10

ALBUMIN

Question 11

2) Which hormone which affects blood pressure is produced in the lungs? (2)

Answer 11

Angiotensin II (due to ACE)

Question 12

3) Aldosterone causes the release of which hormone from the pituitary? (2)

Answer 12

ADH

Question 13

1) Give 2 tests used to screen for disorders in pregnancy (4)

Answer 13

Ultrasound / Blood Tests

Question 14

1) Questions on cruciate ligaments –revise anatomy, function, what happens when they tear

Answer 14

LEARN

Question 15

1) Provide the actions of these hypersensitivity reactions - I, II, III, IV. (16)

Answer 15

I- Pollen, cat hair, peanuts
II- Transplant rejection / transfusion mismatch
III- Fungal /pigeon droppings
IV- Sarcoidosis / tb

Question 16

1) What is a systematic review?

2) Give 2 advantages and disadvantages of a systematic review. (8)

Answer 16

1) What is a systematic review?
Analysis of RCTs to answer specific questions.

2) Give 2 advantages and disadvantages of a systematic review. (8)
Expensive, Time consuming – Appraise applicability validity and reliability of RCTs, allow comparison of similar studies. Proves causation.

Question 17

1) Give a definition of pain (2)

Answer 17

An unpleasant emotional or physical experiences associated with actual or perceived tissue damage.

• subjective
• physiological
• emotional
• unpleasant
• associated with actual or perceived tissue damage

Question 18

1) Give 3 treatments for pain (6)

Answer 18

Analgesics, acupuncture, exercise, hypnotherapy

Question 19

1)	Some of the cells in the stomach are involved in digestion. Name the cells and which substances they secrete. 
Parietal – HCl and Intrinsic Factor
Chief – Pepsinogen and Gastric Lipase
G Cells - Gastrin
D Cells - Somatostatin
Enterchromaffin-Like Cells - Histamine

Answer 19

Parietal – HCl and Intrinsic Factor
Chief – Pepsinogen and Gastric Lipase
G Cells - Gastrin
D Cells - Somatostatin
Enterchromaffin-Like Cells - Histamine