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2nd Time Through > Micro - Bacteria > Flashcards

Micro - Bacteria Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

Obligate aerobes?

A

Nagging Pest Must Breathe

Nocardia, Pseudomonas, Mycobacterium, Bacillus

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2
Q

Obligate anaerobes?

A

Can’t Breath Air

Clostridium, Bacteriodes, Actinomyces

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3
Q

Bugs that can (but do not have to) live Intercellularly

A

Some Nasty Bugs May Live FacultativeLY

Salmonella, Neisseria, Brucella, Mycobacteria, Listeria, Francisella, Legionella, Yersina

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4
Q

Encapsulated Bacteria

A

SHiNE SKiS

Step pneumo, H flu, Neisseria, E coli, Salmonella, Klebsiella, group B

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5
Q

Pneumovax vs Prevanar

A

Polysaccharide only vaccine vs conjugated vaccine

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6
Q

Urease + bugs?

A

CHuck hates PUNKSS

Cryptococcus, H pylori, Proteus, Ureplasma, Nocardia, Klebsiella, S epidermis, Saprophyticus

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7
Q

Yellow sulfur ganules vs yellow pigment?

A

Actinomyces israelii vs S aureus

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8
Q

Protein A? from? function?

A

S. aureus - binds Fc region of Ig. No COMPLEMENT and no PHAGOCYTOSIS

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9
Q

IgA protase - which bacteria?

A

Pneumococcus, Menigiococcus, H Flu

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10
Q

M Protein? from? function?

A

Group A strep. Prevents phagolysis.

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11
Q

Inactivate elongation factor? How?

A

Diptheria toxin and Exotoxin A (pseudomonas)

ADP ribosylation

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12
Q

Inactivate 60S ribosome - how?

A

Shiga toxin and verotoxin. Remove adenine from rRNA - stop protein synthesis

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13
Q

Causes HUS and invades? Causes HUS and doesn’t invade?

A

Shigella vs Ecoli

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14
Q

Toxins that increase cAMP? Function

A 
heat laible (e coli) - Cl secretion in gut
edema factor (bacillus) - mimics adenylate cyclase
Cholera toxin - Cl secretion into gut
Pertussis toxin - inhibits phagocytic ability
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15
Q

Toxin that cleave SNARE proteins?

A

Tetanospasmin (inhibts release of GABA/glycine)

Botulinum (inhibits release of ACh)

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16
Q

Toxin that lyses cell membranes?

A 
Alpha toxin (clostridium perfingens) - degrades PPL-C
Streptolysin O (S. pyogenes) - Lyses RBCs
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17
Q

Toxins that cause shock? Mech? Activation of?

A

TSST-1 (S aureus) and Exotoxin A (strep pyo)

Bring MHCII and TCR together. Release of IFN-y and IL2.

POLYCLONAL T-cell activation.

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18
Q

Endotoxin - effects?

A 
ENDOTOXIN
Edema (C3a)
Nitric Oxide (from macrophages)
DIC  (coagulation)
Outer Membrane
TNF-a (fever, hypotension)
O-antigen
eXtremely heat stable
IL-1 (from macrophages)
Neutrophil chemotaxis (C5a)
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19
Q

1 Transfomation
2 Conjugation
3 Tranposition
4 Transduction

A

1 take up DNA from enviornment (most likely)
2 Transfer from other bacteria
3 Gene jumps from one location to another
4 spread of DNA via viruses

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20
Q

F+ vs Hfe

A

plasmid vs incoporated into chromosonal DNA

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21
Q

Generalized vs specific transduction

A

Loose bacteria DNA packaged into viral capsid
vs
viral DNA contains attached parts of bacterial DNA

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22
Q

gamma hemolytic gram+ strains - growth in what media?

A

Group D (enterococcus) grows in bile and salt
vs
Nonenterococcus - grows in bile NOT salt

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23
Q

Staphs - type of hemolysis?

A

aureus - B-hemolysis

rest - non-hemolytic

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24
Q

Listeria - hemolysis?

A

Beta

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25
MRSA resistant to B-lactams because?
altered PBP
26
Rusty-sputum. Common cause of?
S. pneumo. MOPS | Meningitis, Otitis Media, Pneumona, SInusitis
27
Strep Sanguis?
causes endocarditis by sticking to values via glycocalyx
28
"Dextran"
Viridans
29
Strep pyo leads to glomerulonephritis. Likely had what finding before?
Impetigo (>paryhngitis)
30
Red Rash sparing face. Gram positive?
Scarlet fever. Strep pyo
31
CAMP test positive. Prophylaxis?
Group B strep. Penicillian
32
VRE gram positve?
Enterococci (group D)
33
positive Elek's test? Describe granules
Corynebacterium diphtheraie. Metachromic granules.
34
Cereulide?
Toxin of bacillus cereus. Causes nonbloody diarrhea
35
Obtained from milk/cheese. Can cause spontaneous abortion. Treatment?
Listeria. Ampicillian
36
Actinomyces vs Nocardia - diffrences re O2, staining and treatment?
Anaerobe vs aerobe acid fast vs not penicillin vs sulfonamides
37
Auramine-rhodamine stain?
TB
38
Cord factor?
TB. inhibits macrophage maturation and induces release of TNF-a.
39
Sulfatides?
Surface glycoprotein of TB. Inhibits phagolysosme.
40
Cannot be grown in vitro?
Mycobacterium leprae
41
Response: Leprosy?
Lepromatous - TH2 response (antibodies) - not effective | Tubercuoid - Th1 repsonse (cytotoxic) - effective response
42
gram -, oxidase positive rods?
Pseudomonas and H pylori
43
Oxidaze postive, comma shaped?
Campylobacter and vibrio
44
Coccoid rods?
H flu and bordetella
45
grows on MacConkey's
``` macConKEE'S Citrobacter Klebsiela E coli Enterobacter Serratia ```
46
Bugs resistance to both Penicillan G and Vancomycin?
gram negative bacilli
47
Menigococci lives?
Oropharynx
48
Nissera - problem with pilus
mutates frequently
49
2 ways to grow H flu?
Chocolate agar (heme and NAD) or with S aureus (provides NAD)
50
``` E coli can cause this because of: 1 cystitis/pyelonephritis 2 pneumonia/meningitis 3 septic shock 4 gastroenteritis ```
1 fimbriae (pilli) 2 k capsule 3 LPS 4 exterotoxins
51
EIEC vs ETEC vs EPEC vs EHEC
invasive (necrosis) vs traveler's diarrhea vs pediatric diarrhea (flattens villi) vs HUS/no sorbitol fermentation
52
Produces hydrogen sulfide?
salmonella
53
Antibiotics in salmonella vs shigella
prolong symptoms vs prolong excretion of organism in feces
54
salmonella vs shigella: immune response? Spread?
monocytic vs PMNs hematogenously vs cell-to-cell
55
Aniline dye?
Borrelia (only spirochete that will show up)
56
Congenital syphilis?
``` Saddle nose Hutchinson's teeth Mulberry molars Deafness Saber shins ```
57
False positive for syphilis from?
``` VDRL Viruses (mono, hep) Drugs (narcotics) Rheumatic fever/arthritis Lupus and Leprosy ```
58
Ehrlichia vetor?
Lone star tick
59
Leptospira - acquire from?
animal urine
60
No muramic acid in cell wall?
Chlamydia
61
Chalmydia serotypes?
ABC - Africa/Blindness/Chronic D-K PID, neonatal type L1,L2,L3 Lymphogranuloma venerum (painless chancre)

2nd Time Through (23 decks)

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