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Microbio > Microbio Exam 4 > Flashcards

Microbio Exam 4 Flashcards

To study for Exam 4 of Micro

1
Q

What does B19 Cause?

A

erythema infectiosum

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2
Q

What is the squamous epithelial growth that is either a wort or a verruca?

A

Papilloma

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3
Q

What variant of hepatitis needs assistance form HBV, and therefore cannot work if you’re vaccinated?

A

HDV

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4
Q

What is the abbreviation, family name, nucleic acid, coating, and transmission of Hepatitis E?

A

Abbreviation - HEV
Family Name - Hepeviridae
Nucleic Acid - RNA
Coating - Naked
Transmission - FO (Fecal Oral?)

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5
Q

What is the abbreviation, family name, nucleic acid, coating, and transmission of Hepatitis D?

A

Abbreviation - HDV
Family name - Unassigned (No family name)
Nucleic Acid - RNA
Coating - ENV
Transmission - blood/sex

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6
Q

What is the abbreviation, family name, nucleic acid, coating, and transmission of Hepatitis C?

A

Abbreviation - HCV
Family Name - Flaviviridae
Nucleic Acid - RNA
Coating - Envelope
Transmission - Blood/sex

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7
Q

What is the abbreviation, family name, nucleic acid, coating, and transmission of Hepatitis B?

A

Abbreviation - HBV
Family Name - Hepadnaviridae
Nucleic Acid - DNA
Coating- Envelope
Transmission- Blood/sex

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8
Q

What is the abbreviation, family name, nucleic acid, coating, and transmission of Hepatitis A?

A

Abbreviation - HAV
Family Name - Picornaviridae
Nucleic Acid - RNA
Coating - Naked
Transmission - FO

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9
Q

What causes a yellow tinge in skin and eyes

A

Jaundice

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10
Q

This is an inflammatory disease of liver cells that may result from infection by several viruses

A

Hepatitis

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11
Q

Malignancy of Epithelial cells is?

A

nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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12
Q

B cell malignancy is?

A

Burkitt Lymphoma

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13
Q

Infectious mononucleosis is dormant where?

A

B Cells

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14
Q

Sore throat, high fever, cervical lymph lymphadenopathy that develops after a 30-50 day incubation period is called?

A

Infectious mononucleosis

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15
Q

What is the primary infection of V2V

A

Varicella (chickenpox)

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16
Q

Humans as the only natural host, with infection transmitted by respiratory droplets and contact is called what?

A

Varicella - Zoster virus

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17
Q

What causes inflammation of the eye, latent virus that travels into the ophthalmic rather than the mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve?

A

Herpetic Keratitis

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18
Q

What is inflammation of the oral mucosa, especially in young children?

A

herpetic gingivostomatitis

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19
Q

What is the most common recurrent HSV-1 Infection?

A

Herpes labials

otherwise known as cold sores

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20
Q

What causes lesions on the genitalia, possibly oral - Occurs in the ages of 14-29 and can be spread without visible lesions?

A

HSV-2

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21
Q

What causes lesions on the oropharynx, cold sores, fever blisters, and usually only occurs in early childhood?

A

HSV-1

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22
Q

What was implicated in Kaposi sarcoma?

A

Herpesvirus 8 (KSHV)

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23
Q

Roseola is

A

Human herpesviruses 6 and 7

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24
Q

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) that infects the salivary glands and other viscera is

A

Herpesvirus 5

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25
Q

The Epstein-barr virus (EBV) associated with infection of the lymphoid tissue is called?

A

Herpesvirus 4

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26
Q

The varicella-zoster virus (V2V) Chickenpox and shingles

A

Herpesvirus 3

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27
Q

Fever blisters and genital infections caused by which herpes variant?

A

Herpes Simplex 1 and 2 (HSV)

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28
Q

What is the genus of virus that all show latency and cause recurrent infection?

A

Herpesviruses

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29
Q

What is the common transmission route for smallpox?

A

Respiratory

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30
Q

What is the first disease to be eliminated by vaccination?

A

Smallpox

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31
Q

What produces eruptive skin pustules that leave scars

A

Pox

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32
Q

What is it called when a virus crosses placenta and affects the fetus?

A

Teratogenic

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33
Q

What is a virus that causes cancer called

A

oncogenic

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34
Q

What are the enveloped RNA viruses (Note: There are a LOOOOOOOT of them)

A

ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE
BUNYAVIRIDAE
ARENAVIRIDAE
PARAMYXOVIRIDAE
RHABDOVIRIDAE
FILOVIRIDAE
CORONAVIRIDAE
TOGAVIRIDAE
FLAVIVIRIDAE
RETROVIRIDAE

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35
Q

What are the naked RNA viruses? (Matching, there are 4)

A

Picornaviridae
Caliciviridae
Hepeviridae
Reoviridae

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36
Q

What are the naked DNA viruses?(there are 3)

A

Adenoviridae
Papillomaviridae
Parvoviridae

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37
Q

What are the envelope DNA viruses? (Only two)

A

Poxviridae
Herpesviridae

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38
Q

variola major last date and location was

A

75, bangladesh (south asia)

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39
Q

variola minor last date and location was

A

77, Somalia (East africa)

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40
Q

Edward Jenner is matched to

A

cowpox, smallpox

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41
Q

HPV-16 and HPV-18 was linked to what scientist

A

Harald zur Hausen

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42
Q

What virus causes hydrous fetalis

A

B19

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43
Q

Orthomyxoviridae is

A

h influenza virus

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44
Q

Bunyaviridae is

A

h hantavirus

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45
Q

Arenaviridae is

A

h lassa Fever virus

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46
Q

The 15 substypes that are the most important virulence factors that bind to host cells is called

A

Hemaglutnin

47
Q

9 Subtypes - Hydrolyzes mucus and assists viral budding and release

A

neuraminidase

48
Q

What is the difference between antigenic drift and antigenic shift

A

Drift is a minor change, Shift is a major change

49
Q

What is the most virulent influenza

A

Influenzae A

50
Q

What is the transmission by insects and tics

A

Bunyaviruses

51
Q

American bunyavirus is a ________

A

hantavirus, Sin Nombre (no name)

52
Q

Arenaviridae is

A

Lassa fever

Argentine hemorrhagic fever, Bolivian hemorrhagic fever etc

Closely associated with rodent host
Transmission through aerosols and contact

53
Q

What are the enveloped nonsegmental ssRNA viruses

A

Paramyxoviruses
Rhabdoviruses
Coronaviruses
Togaviruses
Flaviviruses
Filoviruses

54
Q

What are mumps caused by

A

Mumps virus

55
Q

Measles is also known as

A

Red measles and/or rubeola

56
Q

Rabies is transmitted via

A

rabid animal biting you

57
Q

What do people look for in people who die from rabies?

A

Negri bodies

58
Q

What disease causes Kolpik’s spots?

A

Measles

59
Q

For the vector matching on exam 4, the answer is

A

Mosquito (professor admitted to fucking up and making all of the answers mosquito)

60
Q

There’s a _______ for hepatitis B, but not for hepatitis C

A

vaccine

61
Q

With symptoms very similar to infection with the chikungunya virus or dengue viruses, this cause birth defects

A

Zika viruses

62
Q

What fever causes Jaundice?

A

Yellow fever

63
Q

What fever is nicknamed “breakbone” fever, and makes you feel like your bones are breaking?

A

Dengue fever

64
Q

Marburg (1967) is where what virus was discovered?

A

Marburg virus

65
Q

Filoviridae virus marburg and ebola virus are

A

BSL-4

66
Q

What are the five species of ebolavirus?

A

Zaire
Sudan
Bundibugyo
Tai forest
Reston

67
Q

HIV classification

A

Family - Retroviridae
Genus - Lentivirus
Species - Human immunodeficiency virus
Types - HIV-1 (worldwide) and HIV-2 (only small parts of west Africa). HIV-2 is less transmissible and reduced likelihood to progress to AIDs.

68
Q

What are the three enzymes of HIV

A

Reverse transcriptase
Integrase
Protease

69
Q

What is the virion structure of HIV?

A

Enveloped RNA
Icosahedral
72 spikes

70
Q

What are the transmissions of HIV

A

Sex
Blood
Perinatal transmission
- Placenta 25%
- Birth 50%
- Breast milk 25%
Parentheral

71
Q

What is the pathogenesis of HIV?

A

Helper T cells
Macrophages
Monocytes
B cells
Microglial brain cells
Intestinal cells

Suppression of cell-mediated immunity
Opportunistic infection

72
Q

What are the 3 stages of infection for HIV?

A

ACUTE - 2-4 weeks, mononucleosis like symptoms
Latent - 7 to 11 year, asymptomatic
Late - Decrease in CD4 cells to below 400/ul
AIDs is when CD4 cells fall below to 200/ul

73
Q

What does the treatment for HIV target?

A

Targets viral replication

74
Q

What are the nonenveloped nonsegmental ssRNA viruses(there are 4)

A

Picornaviruses
Enterovirus
Rhinovirus
Cardiovirus

75
Q

What is the acute enteroviral infection of the spinal cord that can cause neuromuscular paralysis (although it is quite rare)

A

Poliomyelitis

76
Q

Hepatitis A is transmitted how?

A

Fecal-Oral

77
Q

Norwalk agent best known, believed to cause 1/3rd of all viral gastroenteritis cases and is transmitted by fecal-oral is called?

A

Caliciviruses

78
Q

What unusual double stranded RNA genome is transmitted oral-fecal transmission, and is the primary viral cause of mortality and morbidity resulting from diarrhea in infants and children?

A

Rotavirus

79
Q

What are the proteinaceous infetious particles that are highly resistant to multiple forms of treatment?

A

Prions

80
Q

Who was the scientist that created the smallpox vaccination (also potentially child abuser)

A

Edward Jenner

81
Q

Who won the nobel piece prize for discovering the link between HPV and cancer?

A

Harald Zur Hausen

82
Q

Clara maass is

A

The only woman volunteer who died after experimental mosquito exposure and developed severe yellow fever. Her death led to a public outcry that ended human experimentation.

83
Q

Mikhail Surenovich Balayan is

A

Russian virologist who incubated feces in yogurt and ate it like a weirdo, incubating HEV in his body.

84
Q

Who discovered prions

A

Stanley B. Prusiner

85
Q

HHV-1 Is ______ and causes _______

A

Herpes Simplex 1, usually lesions on the oropharynx, cold sores, fever blisters. Occurs in early childhood.

86
Q

HHV-2 is ________ and causes _______

A

Herpes Simplex 2 , Lesions on the genitalia, possibly oral.

Occurs in ages 14-29, can be spread without visible lesions.

87
Q

HHV-3 Is ____ and causes ______

A

Varicella zoster - Causes chickenpox and can be reactivated as shingles.

88
Q

HHV-4 Is ______ and causes ______

A

Epstein-Barr, causes mono/kissing disease. Transmitted through direct, oral contact and contamination with saliva.

89
Q

HHV-5 is _____ and causes _____

A

Cytomegalovirus - Produces giant cells with nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions. Transmitted through saliva, respiratory mucus, milk, urine, semen, cervical secretions etc. Causes fever, fatigue.

90
Q

HHV-8 Is _______ and causes ______

A

Kaposi’s sarcoma-Associated virus (KSHV), linked with common tumor of AIDs patients; also may be involved in multiple myeloma

91
Q

(Matching) Name all the Env DNA. (there’s a lot, dont get discouraged missing some)

A

POXVIRIDAE
*smallpox
*cowpox
*monkeypox
*Molluscum contagiosum
HERPESVIRIDAE
*HHV-1 through 8
HEPADANIVIRIDAE
*HBV

92
Q

(Matching) Name all the naked DNA

A

ADENOVIRIDAE
PAPILLOMAVIRIDAE
*HPV 1-4
*HPV6, 11
*HPV 16, 18
PARVOVIRIDAE
*B19

93
Q

(Matching) Name all the naked RNA.

A

PICORNAVIRIDAE
*Polio
*HAV
*Rhinovirus
CALCIVIRIDAE
*Norovirus
HEPEVIRIDAE
*HEV
REOVIRIDAE
RotaVirus

94
Q

(Matching) Name all the Enveloped RNA viruses

A

ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE
Influenza A, B, C
BUNYAVIRIDAE
Hantavirus
ARENAVIRIDAE
*lassa fever
PARAMYXOVIRIDAE
*parainfluenza
*Mumps
*Measles
*RSV
RHABDOVIRIDAE
*Rabies
FILOVIRIDAE
*Marburg
*Ebola
CORONAVIRIDAE
Coronavirus
SARS
MERS*
TOGAVIRIDAE
*Rubella
FLAVIVIRIDAE
*HCV
*Yellow Fever
*Dengue Fever
*west Nile
*Zika
RETROVIRIDAE
*HIV

95
Q

A constant mutation is called ________ that gradually changes their amino acid composition

A

Antigenic Drift

96
Q

one of the genes or RNA strands is substituted with a gene or strand from another influenza virus from a different animal host is called _________

A

Antigenic Shift

97
Q

Where do pox viruses replicate?

A

In the Cytoplasm

98
Q

Most common Route for smallpox is

A

Respiratory

99
Q

What is the much more common poxvirus that causes a skin disease?

A

molluscum contagiosum

100
Q

What’s the only available vaccine for HPV in the united states?

A

Gardisal 9

101
Q

Harald Zur hausen is matched with which HPV?

A

HPV-16 and 18

102
Q

Parainfluenza is transmitted by

A

Respiratory

103
Q

What is the self-limited illness associated with painful swelling of parotid salivary glands?

A

Epidemic parotitis

104
Q

What are the oral lesions associated with measles?

A

Koplik’s Spots

105
Q

What is the initial testing for HIV?

A

ELISA (Enzyme linked immunoabsorbant assay)

106
Q

What is the confirmatory testing for HIV?

A

Western blot

107
Q

transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) in humans, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) are the two _______ diseases

A

Prions

108
Q

Prion is short for

A

Protein Infection

109
Q

Who is the scientist that won a Nobel prize for discovering prions?

A

Stanley B Prusiner.

110
Q

list all the diseases transmitted from sex

A

Hepadnaviridae (HBV/Hepatitis B)
Flaviviridae (HCV/Hepatitis C)
HDV (Hepatitis D)
HIV/Retroviridae
HHV-2
Molluscum Contagiosum

111
Q

List all the diseases transmitted from vectors

A

Flaviviridae
-West Nile virus
-yellow fever virus
-Dengue fever virus
-Zika virus

112
Q

List all the diseases transmitted from Fecal/Oral

A

-Picornaviridae (HAV/Hepatitis A)
-Hepeviridae (HEV/Hepatitis E)
-Adenoviridae (gastroenteritis)
-Picornaviridae (HAV, poliovirus)

113
Q

List all the diseases transmitted from respiratory

A

Smallpox (Poxviridae)
Chickenpox (HHV-3)
Adenoviridae (respiratory infections)
Parvoviridae
Coronaviridae
Togaviridae
Paramyxoviridae (parainfluenza, mumps, measles, pneumonia and bronchitis)
Orthomyxoviridae
Bunyaviridae

114
Q

List all the disease transmitted from ingestion

A

Any prion disease

Microbio (5 decks)

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