Human Anatomy > Microscopes > Flashcards

Microscopes Flashcards

(115 cards)

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1
Q

What is the function of the fine focus knob?

A

Moves the stage in small increments

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2
Q

What is the purpose of the base in a microscope?

A

Supports the arm and light source, provides stability

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3
Q

What is the purpose of the stage?

A

To hold the slide in place for observation

It often has clips or mechanical stages for stability.

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4
Q

What should be tucked in during the cleanup process?

A

Arms

Tucking in the arms is part of proper cleanup.

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5
Q

What is the function of the ocular lens?

A

The last lens through which light passes before entering the observer’s eye (10x)

eyepiece

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6
Q

What is magnification in microscopy?

A

The increase in the apparent size of the specimen being viewed

Total magnification is determined by taking the product of the objective and the ocular lens magnifications.

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7
Q

What should you do to the stage before storing the microscope?

A

Lower the stage so that it and the objective lenses are far apart

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8
Q

What is meant by field (field of view) in microscopy?

A

The round area visible when looking through the microscope

It appears to be the same size at different magnifications but is smaller at higher magnifications.

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9
Q

What is the highest magnification listed?

A

400x = blue lens

oil immersion is 100x x 10x = 1000x

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10
Q

What is the function of the headpiece?

A

Fixed component that supports ocular lenses

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11
Q

What does parcenter mean in microscope design?

A

Allows changing objective lenses without a significant change in the position of the center of the field of view

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12
Q

True or False: The iris diaphragm increases light quantity when open.

A

True

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13
Q

What color lens do you focus with to achieve clarity?

A

Yellow lens

Yellow focus is used for clarity in microscopy.

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14
Q

What does the term ‘handle’ refer to?

A

Part of the microscope structure on the back of the arm

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15
Q

Fill in the blank: The scanning objective lens has a magnification of _______.

A

4x

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16
Q

List the magnification powers of the objective lenses.

A
  • 4x (scanning)
  • 10x (low power)
  • 40x (high power)
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17
Q

What is the stage in a microscope?

A

Platform onto which slides with specimens are placed for viewing

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18
Q

What is needed for high power lenses?

A

More light

High power lenses necessitate increased illumination.

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19
Q

Fill in the blank: High magnification provides _______ detail.

A

small

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20
Q

What is a prepared slide?

A

A permanent preparation of a specimen, fixed and bonded to the slide under a cover slip

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21
Q

True or False: It is safe to clean microscope lenses with any type of cloth.

A

False

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22
Q

How does depth of field change with magnification?

A

Low magnification has a greater depth of field, while high magnification has a lower depth of field

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23
Q

What should you always do when carrying a microscope?

A

Carry it in an upright position close to your body with both hands

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24
Q

What is depth of field in microscopy?

A

The thickness of the specimen that is in clear focus

It can be described as shallow (one level at a time) or deep (focus on all depths).

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25
What type of microscope provides greater magnification but may appear two-dimensional?
Compound light microscope
26
What color lens should you change to when using high power?
Blue ## Footnote High power lenses require a shift to blue for focus.
27
What does RESOLUTION measure?
The ability to distinguish two points as separate ## Footnote It is a crucial factor in microscopy.
28
What should you do with the iris diaphragm during setup?
Open and close until comfortable light
29
Which power is recommended for an overview of a slide?
Low power ## Footnote Low power is ideal for broad overviews.
30
What do adjustment knobs on a mechanical stage do?
Control the movement of the retaining clips, allowing precise movement of the slide over the stage
31
What does 'focus away' mean in microscope use?
Adjust the focus so that the objective lens is moving away from the slide while viewing ## Footnote This prevents damage to the slide and lens.
32
What should not be used with high power lenses?
Coarse focus ## Footnote Coarse focus is not suitable for high power (blue) lenses.
33
What should you do while adjusting the focus on a microscope?
Look from the side while adjusting the focus ## Footnote This ensures the low power objective lens is as close to the slide as possible.
34
What is observed at high magnification?
Smaller field of view with more detail
35
What should be done to the microscope after using it?
* Wipe down the microscope * Ensure the lowest power objective lens is locked in viewing position
36
What does 'CROSSOED THREADS' refer to?
Depth of Field example slide ## Footnote 'CROSSED THREADS' relates to the depth of field in microscopy.
37
Fill in the blank: The __________ is used to hold the microscope slide in place.
mechanical stage clip ## Footnote This ensures the slide does not move during observation.
38
What is the purpose of the objective lenses?
Used for magnification at different powers
39
What type of focus should be used with high power?
Fine focus only ## Footnote Using coarse focus can damage the slide.
40
What is the function of the objective lenses?
To provide different levels of magnification ## Footnote They vary in power (e.g., 4X, 10X, 40X).
41
What is working distance in microscopy?
The distance between the specimen and the objective lens
42
What is required to maximize resolution?
Set aperture to value of objective lens in use ## Footnote Adjusting the aperture enhances resolution based on the lens.
43
What is the maximum complexity of microscopes mentioned?
Highly sophisticated and expensive electron microscope
44
What is the first lens to use when starting with a microscope?
yellow - 10x lens ## Footnote This is the lowest power lens.
45
What is seen with low power magnification?
Overview and field of view ## Footnote Provides a broader view of the specimen.
46
What does the iris diaphragm do?
Adjustable opening to regulate light quantity
47
What does the term 'stage adjustment knobs' refer to?
The mechanism for adjusting the slide position
48
How should you adjust the focus when using a microscope?
Always focus away ## Footnote Adjust to move the lens away from the slide.
49
What is the function of the condenser lens?
Focuses light on the slide (light quality)
50
What is the magnification power of the ocular lens?
10x
51
What is the iris diaphragm?
Adjustable substage opening through which light shines to illuminate the specimen
52
What is the purpose of the condenser lens in a microscope?
To focus light onto the specimen ## Footnote This enhances image clarity.
53
What is the primary purpose of a microscope?
To make the very small visible
54
What is the relationship between magnification and field of view?
Higher magnification results in a smaller field of view
55
What is the typical low magnification value in microscopy?
100x
56
What is the purpose of objective lenses?
The first lens through which light from the specimen passes
57
What is the function of the body in a microscope?
Mounting for the lenses and encloses the path of light from the objective lenses to the ocular lens
58
Which knob should be used to focus when the high-power objective is in use?
Only use the fine focus knob ## Footnote This prevents damage to the slide.
59
Fill in the blank: To set up, bring the stage ______ as high as possible while looking through the eyepiece.
up
60
What is required when preparing a wet mount slide?
Always use a cover slip ## Footnote This helps to protect the specimen and lens.
61
What should you do before putting the microscope away?
* Remove the slide * Place the low power objective lens in viewing position * Coil the cord securely
62
What is the magnification for high power on a microscope?
400X ## Footnote This reveals small details within the specimen.
63
What is the consequence of not maintaining cleanliness of the microscope?
Ineffective use and less optimal observation
64
Fill in the blank: Always turn off the lights when the microscope is not in use to prevent __________.
Overheating of the light source
65
What is the main use of a dissecting microscope?
To dissect small specimens, such as insects
66
What is a WET MOUNT SLIDE?
Temporary preparation of a specimen
67
What is observed at low magnification?
Larger field of view with less detail
68
What does a small field of view indicate?
Less visible, more detail ## Footnote You can see smaller details but a smaller area.
69
What is the role of the iris diaphragm?
To control the amount of light that reaches the specimen ## Footnote This affects contrast and resolution.
70
Fill in the blank: The characteristic that allows for focus adjustment while changing lenses is called _______.
parfocal
71
True or False: The coarse focus knob should be used with the high-power objective lens.
False ## Footnote Only the fine focus knob should be used in this case.
72
What is the significance of light regulation in microscopy?
Important for enhancing visibility of the specimen
73
What is the nosepiece in a microscope?
The revolving disk at the base of the microscope body to which the objective lenses are mounted
74
What is the magnification of the high power objective lens?
40x
75
What power should be used for detailed observation?
High power ## Footnote High power is used for examining details closely.
76
What is the role of the substage light?
Illuminates the specimen
77
What can be adjusted for more light with increased magnification?
Iris diaphragm ## Footnote More light helps in viewing details clearly.
78
What is the magnification for low power on a microscope?
100X ## Footnote This allows for an overview of the specimen.
79
What does the light on/off + dimmer control do?
Controls the illumination of the specimen with the light source ## Footnote This is important for adjusting brightness during viewing.
80
What is the first step in microscope use?
Always begin with a low power objective lens (ie. 10X) ## Footnote This is indicated by the START / YELLOW label.
81
Why should you look from the side when changing objective lenses?
To ensure there is clearance ## Footnote Higher power objective lenses are longer.
82
What effect does increasing light with an iris diaphragm have?
It improves visibility with more magnification
83
True or False: You should only use coarse focus with high power.
False ## Footnote Only fine focus should be used with high power.
84
What is important to do regarding the cleanliness of the microscope?
Clean lenses regularly with lens paper and slides prior to use
85
What does the arm of the microscope do?
Supports the microscope and connects the base to the headpiece ## Footnote It is important for carrying the microscope safely.
86
What should be done with the stage during cleanup?
All the way down ## Footnote The stage should be lowered completely.
87
What should be done to prevent damage to the microscope?
* Keep it away from the edge of the table * Do not let the electrical cord hang over the edge
88
True or False: High magnification always provides better resolution.
False ## Footnote High magnification without resolution is useless.
89
What are mechanical retainer clips used for?
Clips that securely hold the slide on the stage
90
What is the function of the coarse focus knob?
Moves the stage in large increments ## Footnote only use with 10x lens
91
Fill in the blank: The low power objective lens has a magnification of _______.
10x
92
What does the fine focus do?
Moves stage in SMALL increments only focus used > 10x
93
What is a coverslip used for?
Wet mount slides ## Footnote It helps in holding the specimen in place.
94
How should a microscope be stored after use?
Remove slide and wipe down ## Footnote Ensure that it is stored in a safe place.
95
Identify the part of the microscope that provides or controls light.
* substage light * condenser * iris diaphragm ## Footnote It is essential for viewing the specimen.
96
What are the two common types of light microscopes?
* Compound light microscope * Dissecting microscope
97
True or False: The regulation of light is one of the most important skills in microscopy.
True
98
What should be used to clean microscope lenses?
Lens paper only ## Footnote Other materials may scratch the lens.
99
What position should the low power lens be in after cleanup?
Lens in position ## Footnote Ensure the low power lens is correctly positioned.
100
What is required for using the oil immersion objective lens?
The use of oil between the objective lens and the specimen to minimize refraction and chromatic aberration
101
In depth of field (crossed threads) What is the focus state at the bottom?
3rd in focus (as stage moves away) ## Footnote The bottom is the third state of focus.
102
What does the precision of the lenses in a compound microscope determine?
The resolving power and definition of the image
103
What does parfocal mean in microscope design?
Allows changing objective lenses without a significant change in focus
104
Fill in the blank: Low magnification provides a _______ field of view.
large
105
What can low power lenses help focus on?
All layers ## Footnote Low power lenses enable focus on all three layers of a specimen.
106
What is the focus state when the stage moves away?
1st in focus = top ## Footnote The top is in focus first as the stage moves away.
107
How does a compound light microscope function?
By passing light through a thinly sliced specimen and a series of lenses
108
What is the smallest objective lens typically used?
4x (scanning)
109
Define resolution (resolving power) in microscopy.
Measure of clarity, defined as the ability to distinguish two points as separate points ## Footnote The closer together the points, the higher the resolution.
110
What is an example of a feature that adjusts light quality?
Condenser lens ## Footnote focuses the light onto the specimen
111
What is the recommended way to clean slides before use?
Using kimwipes
112
What is the role of the revolving nosepiece?
Holds and rotates objective lenses
113
Fill in the blank: The _______ is used to adjust light quality.
condenser lens
114
What does the condenser do?
Focuses the light onto the specimen
115
What do focusing knobs do in a microscope?
Move the stage closer or farther from the objective lenses to bring the specimen into focus
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