MIDTERM Integumentary

Question 1

Give the 5 functions of the Skin

Answer 1

1. Resistance to trauma and infection
2. Other barrier functions
3. Vitamin D synthesis
4. Sensation
5. Thermoregulation

Question 2

an epithelial tissue in the form of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 2

Epidermis

Question 3

a connective tissue layer in the form of dense fibrous irregular connective tissue

Answer 3

Dermis

Question 4

loose connective tissue containing fat or adipose tissue

Answer 4

Hypodermis or subcutaneous

Question 5

3 layers of the skin

Answer 5

1. Epidermis
2. Dermis
3. Hypodermis or subcutaneous

Question 6

Epithelial tissue which is composed of 4 different types of cells:

Answer 6

1. Keratinocytes
2. Melanocytes
3. Langerhans cells / dendritic cells
4. Merkel cells

Question 7

most numerous and most prominent; these cells that are transformed into keratin

Answer 7

Keratinocytes

Question 8

produce skin pigment or skin color

Answer 8

Melanocytes

Question 9

defense cells; antigen-presenting cells (APC)

Answer 9

Langerhans cells / dendritic cells

Question 10

for tactile/touch sensation

Answer 10

Merkel cell

Question 11

The keratinocytes form five distinct layers of the epidermis:

Answer 11

1. stratum basale / germinativum
2. stratum spinosum.
3. stratum granulosum / granular layer
4. stratum lucidum / clear cell layer
5. stratum corneum.

Question 12

consists of 15 - 20 layers of flattened keratinized cells- cytoplasm is filled with keratin; surface cells continuously shed off

Answer 12

Stratum Corneum

Question 13

seen only in thick skin; flattened clear cells devoid of nuclei and organelles

Answer 13

Stratum Lucidum / clear cell layer

Question 14

3-5 layers of flattened polygonal cells whose cytoplasm is filled with darkly basophilic granules called keratohyaline granules

Answer 14

Stratum Granulosum / granular layer

Question 15

single layer of columnar or cuboidal cells which undergo intense mitosis for constant production of epidermal cells

Answer 15

Stratum Basale / germinativum

Question 16

thickest layer; consist of polyhedral cells

Answer 16

Stratum Spinosum

Question 17

upward projections of the dermis, called…

Answer 17

Dermal Papillae

Question 18

interdigitate with evaginations of the epidermis are calledl

Answer 18

Epidermal Ridges

Question 19

dense fibrous irregular tissue that supports the epidermis and binds it to the underlying hypodermis

Answer 19

Dermis

Question 20

2 Layers of the Dermis

Answer 20

1. Papillary layer
2. Reticular Layer

Question 21

superficial layer containing dermal papilla

Answer 21

Papillary Layer

Question 22

thicker deeper layer containing skin appendages

Answer 22

Reticular Layer

Question 23

found all over the body EXCEPT for palms of hands and soles of feet.

Answer 23

Sebaceous Glands

Question 24

mucus glands associated with hairs

Answer 24

Sebaceous Glands

Question 25

In Sebaceous Glands it secrete an oily substance called...

Answer 25

Serum

Question 26

elongated keratinized structures derived from the hair follicle.

Answer 26

Hair / Hair Follicle

Question 27

Skin Appendages consist of these 4:

Answer 27

1. Sebaceous glands 2. Hair and Hair follicle 3. Arrector Pili muscle 4. Sweat glands

Question 28

3 Types of Hair

Answer 28

1. Vellus hairs 2. Terminal hairs 3. Lanugo

Question 29

soft, fine, short and pale

Answer 29

Vellus Hair

Question 30

hard, large, coarse, long and dark hairs of the scalp and eyebrows

Answer 30

Terminal Hair

Question 31

fine hair present on the fetus

Answer 31

Lanugo

Question 32

band of smooth muscle fiber attached to the hair follicle

Answer 32

Arrector Pili Muscle

Question 33

upon its contraction, forms tiny "goose bumps" on the skin surface

Answer 33

Arrector Pili Muscle

Question 34

serous glands; secretory portions are coiled

Answer 34

Sweat Glands

Question 35

2 types of Sweat Glands

Answer 35

1. Eccrine (merocrine) sweat glands 2. Apocrine (holocrine) sweat glands

Question 36

largely confined to the axillary and the anogenital regions

Answer 36

Apocrine (holocrine) sweat glands

Question 37

abundant on palms of hands, soles of feet and the forehead.

Answer 37

Eccrine (merocrine) sweat glands