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AUBF > MIDTERM-microscopic examination part 1 > Flashcards

MIDTERM-microscopic examination part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

significance of macroscopic screening test of color to micro

A

blood

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2
Q

significance of macroscopic screening test of clarity to micro

A

hematuria versus hemoglobinuria/myoglobinuria

confirm pathologic or non pathologic cause of turbidity

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3
Q

significance of macroscopic screening test of blood to microscopic examination

A

rbc, rbc casts

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4
Q

significance of macroscopic screening test of protein to microscopic examination

A

casts, cells

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5
Q

significance of macroscopic screening test of nitrite to microscopic examination

A

bacteria, wbc’s

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6
Q

significance of macroscopic screening test of leukocyte esterase to microscopic examination

A

wbc, wbc casts, bacteria

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7
Q

significance of macroscopic screening test of glucose to microscopic examination

A

possible presence of yeast

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8
Q

The most frequently used stain in urinalysis is the
___ which consists of crystal violet and safranin O.

A

Sternheimer-Malbin stain q

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9
Q

a urine sediment stain that Delineates structure and contrasting colors of
the nucleus and cytoplasm

A

Sternheimer-Malbin

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10
Q

function of Sternheimer-Malbins stain in urine sediment

A

Identifies WBCs, epithelial cells, and casts

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11
Q

a urine sediment stain that Enhances nuclear detail

A

Toluidine blue

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12
Q

function of Toluidine blue as a stain

A

Differentiates WBCs and renal tubular
epithelial (RTE) cells

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13
Q

this urine sediment stain will Lyses RBCs and enhances nuclei of WBCs

A

2% acetic acid

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14
Q

function of 2% acetic acid as a stain

A

Distinguishes RBCs from WBCs, yeast, oil
droplets, and crystals

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15
Q

a urine sediment stain that Stains triglycerides and neutral fats orange-red
Do not stain cholesterol

A

Lipid stains: Oil Red
O and Sudan III

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16
Q

function of Lipid stains: Oil Red
O and Sudan III as a stain

A

Identify free fat droplets and lipid-containing
cells and casts

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17
Q

a urine sediment stain that Differentiates gram-positive and gram-negative
bacteria

A

gram stain

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18
Q

function of gram stain as a stain

A

Identifies bacterial casts

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19
Q

a urine sediment stain that uses Methylene blue and eosin Y to stains eosinophilic
granules

A

Hansel stain

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20
Q

function of Hansel stain as a stain

A

Identifies urinary eosinophils

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21
Q

a urine sediment stain that Stains structures containing iron

A

Prussian blue stain

22
Q

function of prussian blue stain

A

Identifies yellow-brown granules of hemo
siderin in cells and casts

23
Q

the normal color of rbs if stained

A

Neutral—pink to purple

24
Q

normal color of rbc if unstained or acidic

A

pink

25
Q

normal color of rbc if alkaline

A

purple

26
Q

The ___ is used primarily in the microbiology section
for the differentiation between gram-positive (blue) and gram
negative (red) bacteria.

A

Gram stain

27
Q

Triglycerides and neutral fats stain ___ in the presence of lipid stains,

A

orange-red

28
Q

a METACHROMATIC STAIN,
provides enhancement of nuclear detail. It can be useful in the
differentiation between WBCs and renal tubular epithelial cells
and is also used in the examination of cells from other body
fluids.

A

0.5 % toluidine blue

29
Q

This method or stain cannot be used for
initial sediment analysis because RBCs are lysed_

A

addition of 2% acetic acid

30
Q

The preferred stain for urinary eosinophils is __

A

Hansel stain

31
Q

To con
firm that the granules are hemosiderin, the ___ for iron is used and stains the hemosiderin granules a
blue color.

A

Prussian blue
stain

32
Q

what is the stain used for cytodiagnostic urine testing which will provide additional method for detecting and monitoring renal diseases

A

Papanicolaou stain

33
Q

___ is frequently per
formed INDEPENDENTLY of routine urinalysis for detection of
MALIGNANCIES OF THE LOWER URINARY TRACT.

A

Cytodiagnostic urine testing

34
Q

is the most common type of microscopy performed in the urinalysis laboratory

A

Bright-field microscopy

35
Q

A type of microscope that is Used for routine urinalysis

A

Bright-field
microscopy

36
Q

Enhances visualization of elements
with low refractive indices, such
as hyaline casts, mixed cellular
casts, mucous threads, and
Trichomonas

A

Phase-contrast
microscopy

37
Q

Aids in identification of cholesterol
in oval fat bodies, fatty casts, and
crystals

A

Polarizing
microscopy

38
Q

Aids in identification of Treponema
pallidum

A

Dark-field
microscopy

39
Q

Allows visualization of naturally
fluorescent microorganisms or
those stained by a fluorescent
dye including labeled antigens
and antibodies

A

Fluorescence
microscopy

40
Q

Produces a three-dimensional
microscopy image and layer
by-layer imaging of a specimen

A

Interference
contrast

41
Q

is accomplished by adaptation
of a bright-field microscope with a phase-contrast objective
lens and a matching condenser.

A

Phase-contrast microscopy

42
Q

The use of which type of microscopy aids in the identification of crystals
and lipids

A

polarized light. polarizing microscopy

43
Q

in polarizing microscopy, both crystals and lipids have the ability to rotate the path
of the unidirectional polarized light beam to produce ___ in crystals and ___formation in lipids.

A

characteristic colors; Maltese cross

44
Q

These elements (crystals and lipids) seen under polarized light microscopy are
called _____, a property indicating that the element can refract light in two dimensions at 90 degrees to each other.

A

birefringent

45
Q

a microscopy that provides a three-dimensional
image showing very fine structural detail by splitting the light ray
so that the beams pass through different areas of the specimen.

A

Interference-contrast microscopy

46
Q

Two types of interference-contrast microscopy

A

modulation contrast (Hoffman)
differential-interference contrast (Nomarski)

47
Q

is a technique used in the clinical lab
oratory to enhance visualization of specimens that cannot be
seen easily viewed with a bright-field microscope

A

dark field microscopy

48
Q

It is often
used for unstained specimens, and, in particular, to identify
the spirochete Treponema pallidum.

A

dark field microscopy

49
Q

It is used to detect bacteria and
viruses within cells and tissues through a technique called immunofluorescence.

A

Fluorescence microscopy

50
Q

____is the property by which
some atoms absorb light at a particular wavelength and subsequently emit light of a longer wavelength, termed fluorescence
lifetime.

A

Fluorescence

51
Q

is a rapidly expanding technique
used in the medical field today.

A

Fluorescence microscopy

52
Q
A

AUBF (19 decks)

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