Midterm Review-OEQ Flashcards
(203 cards)
1
Q
What is the definition of pocket/probing depth?
A
gingival margin to the bottom of the pocket
2
Q
What is the definition of attachment loss?
A
From CEJ to the base of the pocket
3
Q
CEJ is required for the measurement of:
A
attachment loss
4
Q
Gingival pocket- false pocket:
A
pseudopocket
5
Q
A psuedopocket is caused by:
A
hyperplasia; coronal movement of the gingival margin
6
Q
A psuedopocket involves no _____ of ____
A
apical migration of junctional epithelium
7
Q
Describe the bone loss with a pseudopocket:
A
no bone loss (all pseudo pockets are supra bony)
8
Q
What is the ppm of in-office fluoride?
A
greater than 9,000 ppm
Our slide give 22,600ppm as an example
9
Q
What is the fluoride concentration of prevident?
A
5000 ppm (1.1% NaF)
10
Q
Do you use toothpaste prior to applying gel or foam fluorides?
A
Yes, you should brush the patients teeth then apply
11
Q
If a patient overdoses on fluoride, what should you give them? Also what is considered “overdosing”
A
> 5mg/kg
EMERGENT SITUATION= >15mg/kg (9-1-1)
- calcium, aluminum or magnesium products
12
Q
What is the current fluoride standard in water?
A
0.7ppm
13
Q
What do we mean by “optimal” fluoride levels in water?
A
minimal caries with minimal fluorosis
14
Q
What is the optimal RANGE of fluorination of water?
A
0.6-1.2 ppm (though 0.7 is optimal LEVEL)
15
Q
0.7 ppm fluoride in water will decrease caries with __% of the population experiencing fluorosis
A
less than 10%
16
Q
What is the definition of plaque?
A
organized mass of bacteria in a gel matrix
17
Q
Which of the following is NOT true concerning the acquired pellicle?
A) It is a glycoprotein from saliva
B) It is a mode of attachment for calculus
C) If it is removed, it immediately reforms
D) It is primarily composed of bacteria
A
D- It is primarily composed of bacteria is false
18
Q
The acquired pellicle is made of:
A
- polysaccharides
- proteins
- glycoproteins
- lipid material
- DNA
19
Q
“the pellicle forms first on the tooth…
A
providing bacteria a surface to attach to
20
Q
When does bacteria colonization occur?
A
As soon as acquired pellicle is introduced/forms in the mouth
21
Q
Within the first 4 hours of bacterial colonization of plaque, 47-85% of the organisms are:
A
streptococcus
22
Q
When an energy source is introduced, microorganisms produce:
A- acid
B- intracellular polysaccharides
C- extracellular polysaccharides
D- acid and intracellular polysaccharides
E- all of the above
A
All of the above (E)
23
Q
T/F: The optimal level of water fluoridation is 70 ppm. Optimal levels mean minimal caries with minimal fluorosis.
A
Statement 1 is false; Statement 2 true
24
Q
T/F: After fluoride deposition, the concentration of fluoride is highest in the surface enamel and decreases as you approach the dentin
A
True
25
After fluoride deposition, where is the concentration of fluoride the highest?
surface enamel
26
In office fluorides are ____ ppm
9000-28,000
27
Which of the following is used for in-office fluoride treatments?
2% Neutral sodium fluoride- 9000ppm (rarely used)
1.23% Acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF)- 12,300 ppm (rarely used)
5.0% NaF - 22,600 ppm- varnish (commonly used)
28
If a patient is 40 kg, what is there probably toxic dose (PTD)?
200 mg
(40kg x 5 mg/kg = 200mg)
29
Why is brushing your teeth before using a prescription gel indicated?
The prescription gel does not have abrasive systems
30
One can decrease fluorosis by:
Decreasing the amount of fluoride accidentally ingested in children during tooth development
31
Which of the following is false concerning cementum?
The acellular portion is towards the apex of the root
32
Which is false regarding gingival fibers?
unites marginal gingiva with periodontal ligament
33
Which structure is also termed the lamina dura and cribriform plate?
alveolar bone proper
34
Which is the least likely determinant of unhealthy gingiva?
- color
- consistency
- stippling
stippling
35
The consistency of healthy gingiva should be:
firm and resilient
36
In smokers, the gingiva will have ___ likelihood of bleeding during probing
lesser
37
List the parts of the periodontium (4):
Gingiva, PDL, Cementum, Alveolar Bone
(NOT- Alveolar mucosa or enamel)
38
The attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa are separated by the:
mucogingival junction
39
Which of the following are non-keratinized: (3)
1. gingival col
2. junctional epithleium
3. alveolar mucosa
40
Color of gingiva is determined by:
vascularity of the gingiva
41
To measure the amount of attached gingiva:
subtract the pocket depth from the keratinized gingiva
42
The least amount of attached gingiva is found:
on the facial of mandibular premolars
43
What is the basis of branstromms theory of hydrodynamics?
Fluid movement in the dentinal tubules produces sensitivity and pain
44
Gingivitis class I is characterized by:
No bone loss
45
Periodontitis is characterized by: (2)
1. bone loss
2. apical migration of the JE
46
What bacteria is associated with periodontal disease? (5)
1. Aggregatibacter actinomysetemcomitan (Aa)
2. Treponema denticola (Td)
3. Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg)
4. Prevotella intermedia (Pi)
5. Tanerella forsythia (Tf)
47
Gingivitis is characterized by:
1. BOP
2. Increased GCF
3. Edema
48
What is your response when a patient informs you that they bleed during flossing?
tell the patient they have gingivitis
49
Fluoride varnish ppm is approximately:
22,000 ppm
50
Recession occurs from the:
CEJ to gingival margin
51
Major component of plaque biofilm:
pellicle
52
What is the main role of calculus:
Keeps plaque in contact with the gingiva
53
T/F you use your middle finger to roll the instrument:
false
54
Angling 45-90 degrees with the instrument allows for:
proper removal of calculus
55
What is the fluoride concentration of an over the counter mouthwash?
225ppm
56
What is the fluoride concentration of a prescription toothpaste?
5000 ppm
57
Where would you sit to see the facial of 2nd molars with direct vision
9 o'clock
58
True and false pockets have what in common?
bleeding & hyperplasia
59
If the gingival portion of the tooth is white and chalky, what is wrong?
decalcification
60
After applying fluoride varnish, what is the patient instruction:
Can eat and drink immediately (but not chips/hard stuff)
61
How long does SDF take to remineralize (arrest caries)?
1 week
62
What is the indication for use of SDF?
Caries present on posterior dentition
63
SDF allows for:
formation of hydroxyapatite and fluorapetite
(treated surfaces will be less susceptible to caries)
64
What is the fluoride content of kids toothpaste?
1000 ppm
65
The acquired pellicle is mainly composed of:
glycoproteins
66
Plaque is formed by saliva/exudate and:
bacteria & acquired pellicle
67
T/F: secondary colonizers do not colonize on clean teeth:
True (primary colonizers work on clean teeth; secondary colonizers work on pellicle)
68
One fluoride that is NOT used in a dental office is:
stannous fluoride
69
To measure the attached gingiva use:
keratinized gingiva - sulcus depth
70
Anchors tooth to bone by PDL:
cementum
71
Mouth wash is beneficial for communities:
with or without fluoridated water
72
What is the fluoride content of OTC toothpaste:
1,000 ppm
73
How do you adapt to the line angles?
roll instrument between thumb & forefinger
74
Bleeding on probing is due to (2):
1. ulceration in sulcular epithelium
2. presence of inflammation
75
T/F: APF is a more effective form of fluoride so we want to use it. Enamel that has fluoride is less susceptible to caries.
Statement 1 false
Statement 2 true
76
T/F: Neutral fluoride has a metalic taste:
false- SDF does
77
Psuedopockets and true pockets have what in common? (3)
1. gingival inflammation
2. bleeding on probing
3. increased pocket depth
78
What is the distinct difference between natural tooth and natural periodontium vs. dental implant and periodontium?
1. Dental implant will have ____ vascularity
2. Dental implant will NOT have a ___
3. Dental implant will have ____ gingival fibers
4. Dental implant will have collagen fibers ___ to implant
1. less
2. PDL
3. fewer
4. parallel
79
What are the components of a dental implant? (3)
1. implant body
2. abutment
3. fabricated crown
(made of titanium)
80
What is the seating position for the anterior area of the mandibular arch when working on toward surfaces?
8-9 o'clock
81
What is the seating position for the anterior surfaces of the maxillary arch when working on toward surfaces?
8-9 o'clock
82
What is the seating position for the anterior area of the mandibular arch when working away surfaces?
12 o'clock
83
What is the seating position for the anterior surfaces of the maxillary arch when working on the away surfaces?
12 o'clock
84
What is the seating position for the posterior aspects of the mandibular arch using direct vision?
9 o'clock
85
What is the seating position for the posterior aspects of the maxillary arch using direct vision?
9 o'clock
86
What is the seating position for the posterior aspects of the mandibular arch using indirect vision?
10-11 o'clock
87
What is the seating position for the posterior aspects of the maxillary arch using indirect vision?
10-11 o'clock
88
Where can universal curettes be used?
all surfaces of the mouth
89
How many cutting edges does a sickle scaler have?
two
90
How many cutting edges does a universal curette have?
two
91
What is the shape of a sickle scaler?
pointed toe (tip?)
92
What is the shape of a universal curette?
rounded toe
93
Where is a posterior sickle scaler used?
interproximal surfaces ONLY
94
Which part of a periodontal instrument is the working end?
A) toe
B) middle
C) heel
toe
95
What is the angulation for sickle scalers and universal curettes?
90 degrees
96
What is the cross section of a sickle scaler?
triangular
97
What is the cross section of a universal curette?
half-elliptical
98
What is the blade for a sickle scaler?
straight
99
What is the blade for a universal curette?
straight
100
Describe a sickle scaler:
1. end
2. cutting edge
3. angulation
4. cross-section
5. blade
1. pointed toe (tip)
2. 2
3. 90 degrees
4. triangular
5. straight
101
Describe a universal curette:
1. end
2. cutting edge
3. angulation
4. cross-section
5. blade
1. rounded toe
2. 2
3. 90 degrees
4. half-elliptical
5. straight
102
Which of the following is NOT a component of the periodontium?
A- cementum
B- dentin
C- alveolar bone
D- gingiva
B- dentin
103
The allowed seating position for both right and left-handed clinicians working on the facial aspect of the maxillary anterior teeth:
12 o'clock for both
104
Which best describes the reddish color of diseases gingival tissues?
erythema
105
Which aspect of the periodontium is NOT present around a dental implant?
cementum
106
Which is the most common CEJ relationship found the patient population?
overlap
107
Mineralization of calculus is composed mostly of:
inorganic components (70-90%)
108
How many days does it take an acquired pellicle to develop?
7 days
109
T/F: Organisms in a biofilm are 100-150x more resistant to antibiotics
False- they are actually 1000-1500x more resistant
110
Which surface would required an offset position?
Any posterior distal surface would require offset (#28 DB)
111
What is the difference between the anterior and posterior sickle scaler?
Design of shank- posterior sickle scaler will have a bend in the shank
112
Where should the light be positioned when viewing the mandibular arch?
Directly above the patient
113
Where should the light be positioned when viewing the maxillary arch?
45 degree angle pointing down
114
SDF percentage to be effective against caries:
38%
115
Erythema occurs in what stage of gingivitis:
II
116
Established gingivitis lesion is characterized by:
color change
117
Where would you sit for indirect vision of the posterior sextant?
11 o'clock
118
Where would you sit for direct vision of the posterior sextant?
9 o'clock
119
The terminal shank should be held ___ to the long axis of the tooth:
parallel
120
What is the light grasp used for?
tactile sensitivity
121
What is NOT a function of the PDL?
strengthening
122
A true pseudopocket is caused by:
hyperplasia
123
Over-angulatioten of sickle scalers could contribute to:
burnished calculus
124
Principle fibers that have masticatory stresses?
oblique fibers
125
A valley-like depression in the portion of the interdental gingiva that lies directly apical to the contact area of two adjacent teeth and connects the facial and lingual papillae
gingival col
126
What is the most likely reason that gingivitis does NOT progress to periodontitis:
patient is not susceptible
127
What is easily displaced by water?
materia alba
128
What best describes a periodontal explorer?
used for caries detection and sub gingival calculus removal
129
What instrument would you use to remove supra gingival calculus off a posterior molar?
posterior sickle scaler
130
What instrument is most likely to hurt the gingiva when used incorrectly?
sickle scaler
131
When probing, how many measurements per tooth?
6 - (DF, F, MF, ML, L, DL)
132
Anaerobic glycolysis does what to the oral cavity?
decreases pH
133
What is NOT a function of the periodontal probe?
A) measure size of lesion
B) removal of calculus
C) test for BOP
D) measure overbite/overjet
B- removal of calculus
134
When is SDF contraindicated? (2)
1. pulpal expsoure
2. silver allergy
135
Which gingival fibers connect to cementum?
dentoperiosteal & dentogingival
136
T/F: Pointed or peaked papilla is seen in disease
False- founded papilla seen in disease
137
T/F: You would NOT use the mm in the nabers probe when determining furcation involvement:
true
138
Mrs. Smith has red, inflamed gums, probing reads 2-4 mm with mandibular molars reading 5 mm. What is your diagnosis?
gingivitis
139
Why can you go subgingival with a curette?
Rounded back/rounded cutting edge
140
T/F: Bacteria release noxious substances. The primary role of the noxious agent is to make an inflammatory response.
Both statements true
141
What does NOT contribute to periodontitis?
Longitudinal growth
142
If calculus is subgingival on the root, why would it need to be removed?
Calculus keeps the plaque in contact
143
Inflammatory processes extending to affect the PDL and alveolar bone, resulting in:
Clinical attachment loss
144
CEJ to base of pocket:
attachment loss
145
Where is light supposed to be when viewing the mandibular arch:
directly above
146
What happens when bacteria shift apical from primary to mature?
Co-adhesion of bacteria (maybe microbiome shift?)
147
Silver diamine fluoride percentage to be effective against caries:
38%
148
Erythema occurs in what stage of gingivitis?
II
149
An established gingivitis lesion will show:
color change
150
What are the 4 essential oils?
1. thymol
2. eucalyptol
3. methy salicylate
4. menthol
151
True about fluoride:
Fluoride is >9000ppm over calcium fluoride
152
When using the mirror for indirect vision of the mandibular lingual, you should:
retract the tongue
153
Where do you sit for indirect vision of a posterior sextant?
11:00
154
Where do you sit for direct vision of a posterior segment?
9:00
155
The terminal shank is held:
parallel to the tooth
156
What bacteria below is NOT involved with periodontitis?
Porphyromonas intermedium
157
The pellicle is mainly composed of:
glycoproteins
158
What does it mean if you have bleeding on probing?
ulceration of the epithelium
159
Light grasp of instrument allows for:
increase in tactile sensitivity
160
Functions of the PDL include
1. formative
2. supportive
3. nutritive
4. sensory
161
What is NOT a function of the PDL?
Strengthening
162
All plaque has been removed from the teeth. After 4 hrs which of the following makes up 47-85% of bacteria present?
streptococci
163
Why does CHX not have an ADA seal?
ADA seals are for consumer product and OTC products (NOT PRESCRIPTIONS)
164
Alcohol is used as a:
solvent
165
Which of the following are not a secondary, local causative factor of periodontal disease?
Stress
(xerostomia, and medication are!!)
166
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor of caries?
Smoking
(snacker & drug use are risk factors)
167
Which of the following is a disease indicator of caries?
restorations within 3 years
168
A true pseudo pocket is caused by:
hyperplasia
169
Overangulation of sickle scalers:
will result in burnished calculus
170
T/F: The middle finger is used to roll an instrument:
FALSE
171
Describe when cementum is deposited:
continuously deposited apically throughout life
172
Alveolar mucosa is NOT:
a- thick, nonkeratinized
b- moveable tissue
c- separate from attached gingiva at MGJ
d- darker shade of red
A- thick, nonkeratinized
Alveolar mucosa is thin and non-keratinized
173
What is false about gingival fiber groups:
a) around the cervical area within gingival tissues
b) includes dentogingival, alveologingival, circumferential, dentoperiosteal & transeptal fibers
These are both true- we don't know the actual answer
174
Soft, sponge, dense, BOP is used to describe:
consistency
175
Principal fibers that have masticatory stresses:
oblique fibers
176
Principal fibers from the root apex to adjacent surrounding bone to resist vertical forces:
apical fibers
177
Principal fibers from the cementum in the middle of each root to adjacent alveolar bone to resist TIPPING of the tooth:
horizontal fibers
178
Principle fibers from the alveolar crest to cementum just below the CEJ to resist intrusive forces:
alveolar crest fibers
179
Principle fibers from the cementum between the roots of multi-rooted teeth to the adjacent bone to resist vertical and lateral forces:
Intraradicular fibers
180
Transeptal fibers provide resistance to:
the separation of teeth
181
Circumferential fibers help maintain the tooth:
in position
182
Most coronal to teeth:
a- attached gingiva
b- MGJ
c- free gingiva
C- free gingiva
183
Valley like depression of inter-proximal contact areas:
gingival col
184
Most likely reason that gingivitis doesn't progress to periodontitis:
patient not susceptible
185
OTC fluoride = ____ ppm
1000
186
Saliva and gingival crevicular fluid make an intracellular matrix, what els contributes to it?
bacteria
187
Saliva, GCF, and bacteria all contribute to:
intracellular matrix
188
Easily displaced with water:
Materia alba
189
T/F- bacteria attaches to the acquired pellicle....
true??
190
Used for caries detectors and sub gingival calculus detection:
periodontal explorer
191
What instrument would you use to remove supra gingival calculus off a posterior molar?
Posterior sickle scaler
192
What instrument is most likely to hurt the gingiva if used wrong?
sickle scaler
193
When probing, how many measurements per tooth?
6
194
Anaerobic glycolysis does what to the oral cavity?
decrease the pH
195
What causes calculus to start forming subgingivally?
...
196
A patient had gingivitis and it did not turn into periodontitis, why is this?
Not a susceptible host
197
What is true about the free gingival groove?
occurs in 50% of the populations and something else
198
What would you use for generalized supra gingival calculus, posterior maxillary sextant?
posterior sickle scaler
199
Why does the color of gingiva play a key role in evaluating the health of the gingiva?
vascular changes
200
What has 12,300 ppm?
APF
201
What is NOT a function of PDL fibers?
attachment of cementum to tooth
202
Cementum is NOT:
a) calcified connective tissue covering roots of teeth
b) continuously deposited in the apical area of the tooth through out life
c) attach the PDL to tooth
d) most mineralized of calcified tissues
D- most mineralized of calcified tissues
203
