Mouth Rinses Flashcards
(99 cards)
1
Q
Harmful to patient:
A
adverse affect
2
Q
May be harmful, useful, or beneficial:
A
side effect
3
Q
Ability of patient to follow through/motivation to use product
A
compliance
4
Q
Ability of an agent to absorb to teeth and surfaces and be released at therapeutic levels:
A
substantivity
5
Q
Pleasant taste/sensation, decrease microorganisms, halitosis control:
A
cosmetic
6
Q
The quality of being successful in producing an intended result
A
efficacy
7
Q
Cosmetic mouth rinses are available:
A
OTC
8
Q
Therapeutic mouth rinses are available:
A
OTC or prescription
9
Q
A mouth rinse that helps to enhance taste in mouth (i.e. minty fresh breath):
A
cosmetic mouth rinse
10
Q
A mouth rinse that helps to reduce/control plaque, gingivitis, halitosis, caries, and xerostomia:
A
therapeutic mouth rinse
11
Q
Describe the effects of a cosmetic mouth rinse on plaque/caries/xerostomia etc.
A
no real beneficial effects
12
Q
List the purposes of mouth rinses: (5)
A
- flush out food debris from the oral cavity
- freshen breath
- deposit fluoride on teeth (if fluoridated)
- available in liquid form
- primarily cosmetic benefit (Freshening breath)
13
Q
Why should you wait 30 minutes to eat or drink following use of mouth rinse?
A
if not, it will inactivate sodium hypochlorite
14
Q
What was the traditional purpose for mouth rinse?
A
freshen breath
15
Q
What contributes to halitosis?
A
bacteria and plaque accumulation on the tongue
16
Q
____% of halitosis originates from the oral cavity; ____% from systemic or nonoral cause
A
90%; 10%
17
Q
Describe the effect of mouth rinses on breath after 3-5 hours
A
no effect
18
Q
Mouth rinses ___ odors/ provide little ___
A
“mask”; antibacterial function
19
Q
What is the best treatment for bacteria and plaque accumulation on the tongue?
A
tongue scraping
20
Q
List the active ingredients in mouth rinse: (8)
A
- sanguinarine
- amonium compounds
- phenolic compounds
- fluoride
- chlorhexidine
- stannous fluoride
- essential oils
- triclosan
21
Q
Why are ammonium compounds added to mouth rinse? Give an example of one:
A
added to reduce bad breath; CPC
22
Q
Describe the substantivity of the active ingredient “phenolic compounds” in mouth rinses:
A
low substantivity
23
Q
What is the purpose of fluoride as an active ingredient in mouth rinses?
A
reduces incidence of caries
24
Q
What is the purpose of chlorhexidine as an active ingredient in mouth rinses?
A
helps control plaque and gingivitis
25
What is the purpose of stannous fluoride as an active ingredient in mouth rinses?
helps control plaque and gingivitis
26
What is the purpose of essential oils as active ingredients in mouth rinses?
helps control plaque and gingivitis
27
What is the purpose of triclosan as an active ingredient in mouth rinses?
reduces production of plaque and gingivitis
28
What active ingredients of mouth rinses are beneficial and DO have chemotherapeutic effects?
1. chlorhexidine
2. stannous fluoride
3. essential oils
4. triclosan
29
What beneficial effects of chlorhexidine, stannous fluoride and essential oils?
chemotherapeutic effect against plaque/biofilm accumulation as they DECREASE the amount of free-floating planktonic bacteria
30
How do hlorhexidine, stannous fluoride and essential oils work to DECREASE the amount of free-floating planktonic bacteria?
By binding their positive ions to the bacteria's negative ions resulting in cell lysis
31
Describe the mechanism of action of triclosan in mouth rinses:
chemical inhibitor of fatty acid synthesis which is required for lipid production in the bacteria, which in turn, eventually kills the cell
32
When biofilm forms, before it becomes an organized mass, it is composed of:
planktonic (free-floating) bacteria
33
Why might alcohol be incorporated as an ingredient in mouth rinses?
used as a solvent, taste enhancer, and agent providing aftertaste (burn)
34
What are the negative effects of alcohol used in a mouth rinse?
1. burning mouth
2. drying of oral tissues
3. risk of oral cancer
35
What category of patients should NEVER be recommended an alcohol-based mouth rinse? Why?
previous/recovering alcoholics; could serve as a stumbling block
36
What are the levels of regulations for prescription and overt counter products (regarding mouth rinses):
1. government level
2. professional level
37
The government level of regulation to oral care products:
FDA
38
The professional level of regulation to oral care products:
ADA
39
1. protects consumers from useless/harmful products
2. therapeutic claims must have research to support claims
3. evaluates prescription/ OTC products
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
40
Council on Scientific affairs of the American dental association:
ADA (Professional level regulation)
41
1. voluntary program that companies pay into
2. helps consumers "make wise choices"
3. products submitted must have controlled studies to demonstrate effectiveness/safety of product
4. seal is only found on consumer products
5. new submission cost $14,500 to evaluate product; if approved, yearly fee of $3500 to mainitain
ADA
42
The ADA seal is found on:
consumer products only
43
What is required in order to turn in product to ADA for review?
controlled studies to demonstrate effectiveness/safety of product
44
Does oral B products have ADA seal?
Yes
45
Does sonicare products have ADA seal?
No- they don't want to pay that fee
46
Do we recommend based ONLY on ADA?
not necessarily- some products have evidence to support claims and do not have ADA seal (for example sonicare toothbrush)
47
T/F: Toothpastes without fluoride do NOT have ADA seal
true (Which she says is crazy because plenty of beneficial tooth paste without fluoride that contain hydroxyapatite)
48
What signifies if a listerine mouth rinse has NO alcohol present?
if product has "zero" in its name
49
Describe what active ingredients are found in listerine mouth rinses:
dependent on product claim
50
If listerine product claim is "gum health" or "tartar control" then the active ingredients are:
essential oils
51
If listerine product claim is "cavity protection" then active ingredients are:
sodium fluoride (0.02%)
52
How many different listerine products are listed on the website?
18
53
Professor discussed this mouth rinse as a "good OTC option for patients with moderate risk for caries"
ACT mouth rinse
54
How many different formulas of mouth rinse are provided by ACT? (ranging from basic mouthwash to kid's formulated mouthwash and mouthwash for dry mouth)
6
55
What is the active ingredient in ACT mouth rinse? (generic)
sodium fluoride (0.05%)
56
What is the active ingredient in ACT Whitening Mouth wash?
sodium fluoride (0.02%) - note this is less than the other ACT mouth rinses
57
Professor states that whitening mouth rinses:
do not actually work
58
T/F: The crest website provides a comprehensive list of active and inactive ingredients.
False- crest website does NOT provide information defining active and inactive ingredients
59
The Crest brand includes:
Scope brand
60
Professor states that crest brand mouth rinses ____ more than any other brand:
stains teeth
61
What type of mouth rinse would you recommend to a patient with mouth sores?
Colgate Peroxyl
62
Colgate whitening mouth rinses typically utilize ____ as a whitening agent
hydrogen peroxide
63
Why is Colgate peroxyl helpful for patients with mouth sores?
contains 1.5% hydrogen peroxide
64
What is the active ingredient in Colgate ortho defense?
sodium fluoride (0.04%)
65
What is the professors favorite mouth rinse due to to having a lot of active ingredients?
Closys
66
What are the active ingredients in Closys mouth rinse?
CPC 0.75% OR sodium fluoride 0.05%
67
What is the best over the counter option for a mouth rinse according to professor?
Closys
68
Mouth rinses and sprays for xerostomia include:
1. biotin mouth rinse
2. oasis mouth rinse
3. spry mouth spray
69
If a patient presents with xerostomia, what mouth rinse/srpay might you recommend?
1. biotin mouth rinse
2. oasis mouth rinse
3. spry mouth spray
70
Spry mouth moisturizing spray for xerostomia, utilizes what ingredients?
xylitol and aloe
71
How do mouth rinses and sprays for xerostomia function?
All are very viscous and coat the oral tissues to help alleviate dryness
72
Considered the gold standard of mouth rinses and prescription only:
chlorhexidine gluconate
73
Proved to me the most effect anti plaque oral rinse:
chlorhexidine gluconate
74
Chlorhexidine gluconate is a ____ compound that binds to ___ of tooth enamel, pellicle, plaque, extracellular matrix of plaque and mucous membrane
cationic; hydroxyapatite
75
chlorhexidine gluconate is a cationic compound that binds to hydroxyapatite of:
tooth enamel, pellicle, plaque, ECM of plaque and mucous membrane
76
chlorhexidine gluconate absorbed to hydroxyapatite is believed to:
inhibit bacterial colonization and prevent pellicle formation
77
What is the substantivity of chlorhexidine gluconate?
8-12 hours
78
chlorhexidine gluconate is used most often during ____, however not proved beneficial as:
perio therapy; SOLE method of treating perio with deep pockets
79
T/F: CHX has been proven to be the sole method of treating perio with deep pockets
False- although its advantages with perio therapy, mouth rinses alone will not go deep into perio pockets and will only go about 2 mm
80
CHX is used to irrigate perio pockets following SRP which can help:
decrease inflammation and SubG plaque accumulation
81
What is the alcohol concentration of CHX w/ alcohol
12%
82
The alcohol free formulation of CHX is comprised of
0.12% CHX
83
T/F: Evidence reveals that the alcohol free CHX formulation is less effective than the alcohol-based CHX formulation:
False- evidence suggests the alcohol free formulation is just as effective
84
Discuss the approvals of CHX alcohol and non alcohol version:
Both have FDA approval; ADA seal of approval not given due to changes in the program
85
What mouth rinse can be used if you feel a sore throat coming on?
CHX
86
How would you write the prescription for CHX?
Rx: Peridex (chlorhexidine gluconate) 0.12% mouthwash
Dispense: 15ml
Sig: Apply 1 tablespoon as directed twice per day for 30 seconds
Refills: none
87
Homecare instructions for CHX include:
1. brushing/flossing should be done PRIOR to rinsing
2. DO NOT rinse with water immediately after rinsing with CHX. wait 30 min
88
Why should brushign and flossing be done PRIOR to rinsing with CHX?
CHX mechanism of action is inactivated by toothpaste
89
What are the PROS of CHX? (3)
1. Antimicrobial effect on bacteria, fungus, and viruses
2. Aids in management of periodontitis , caries, peri-implantitis, & infections associated with extractions
3. Gold-standard following most oral surgeries
90
What are the CONS of CHX? (6)
1. Stains teeth with prolonged use
2. Can cause metallic taste with excessive use
3. Can cause black hairy tongue appearance
4. May aid in formation of supra gingival calculus
5. Requires prescription
6. Should not be used long-term
91
What mouth rinse is very similar to CHX?
saltwater mouth rinse
92
Has been determined to be as efficient as 0.12% CHX in reducing inflammation following minimally invasive perio therapy (SRP or surgery):
Saltwater mouthrinse
93
What are the benefits of saltwater mouth rinse over CHX:
inexpensive and easily accessible
94
If you were to give directions to a patient on how to make & use saltwater mouth rinse, what would they be?
1 cup of warm water to 1 teaspoon of salt, mix well, rinse in mouth for 30 seconds, then expectorate
95
When to use mouth rinses: (4)
1. based upon need (caries/gingivitis/perio/surgery)
2. patients who have manual dexterity issues (plaque control)
3. pre/post surgery
4. mouth sores (Colgate Peroxyl)
96
What are the negative outcomes of mouth rinses (in general) (6):
1. alters natural microbiome that occurs in the oral cavity
2. dries out oral mucosal tissues (especially alcohol based)
3. causes imbalances in pH levels
4. may worsen halitosis
5. may cause ulcers/increased risk for oral cancer
6. may contribute to development of gingivitis
97
What mouth rinse would you not prescribe to someone with xerostomia?
alcohol based - as this may further dry out the mouth
98
Why may a mouth rinse contribute to the development of gingivitis?
because of its ability to alter the micro flora
99
