Milk Hygiene And Mastitis Flashcards
(45 cards)
what is the function of a vacuum pump?
extracts a fixed amount of air
what does the regulator do
leaks air into the system to maintain vacuum level - decreases vacuum and should leak throughout milking
what does the pulsation system do
maintains blood flow during milking to allow the teat to fill with milk
what are the 4 pulsation phases
A= liner opening, B = liner open and milk out C = liner closed D = liner closed and massaging teats
what should the pulsation rate be?
60 cycles per minute
how long should the milk out and massaging phases be?
500ms and 200-250ms
how often should you change rubber liners
silicone liners
2500 milkings or 6 months
18 months
what is the maximum number falling teat cups allowed
5 per 100 cows
what is the average milking time per cow
5-6 minutes
what are the phases of circulation cleaning
rinse, wash and disinfect
what are thermodynamic bacteria and what does their presence in milk indicate
withstand high temperatures and pasteurisation - bacillus and clostridia
machine wash up problem
what are psychotropic bacteria
grow under refrigeration - Pseudomonas and listeria
what are coliform bacteria and what does their presence in milk indicate
always found in raw milk - indicate post-processing contamination
what are the signs of clinical mastitis
abnormal milk with clots and odd colours and a swollen udder
what is the 5 point mastitis control plan
culling, post milking teat dipping, milking machine working properly, treatment of cases and blanket dry cow therapy
what does the SCC of milk have to be under in order to sell to the public?
400,000
what factors affect SCC
mastitis, level of infection, type of bacteria and how many quarters infected
steps to get a low SCC
identify cows with high SCC, identify the bacteria present, stop spread of infection and action for high SCC cows
what bacteria is the most difficult to treat and why
staph aureus - hides from antibiotics - need to cull
what bacteria is the easiest to treat and can be eradicated
strep agalactiae
what is the difference between blanket and selective dry cow therapy
blanket - all cows get treated
selective - only those with known infection are treated
what is the aim of dry cow therapy and what time frame to farmers usually choose
kill bacteria in the udder and prevent new infection
42-60 days (longer than withdrawal period)
what type of bacteria are most sub-clinical cases caused by
gram positive
when buying replacement heifers - at what level of SCC would the farmer NOT want to buy the cow
above 200,000 or if they dont know the value
