Misc Facts & Questions

Question 1

Average difference between dominate hand grip strength measured with a handheld dynamometer and non-dominate hand grip strength

Answer 1

Dominate hand 5-10# stronger

Question 2

Average base of support during gait for an adult

Answer 2

2-4 inches

Question 3

Average cadence during gait for an adult

Answer 3

100-120 step/min

Question 4

Average degree of toe-out during gait for an adult

Answer 4

7 deg

Question 5

Phase of gait that does not exist with running

Answer 5

Double support phase

Question 6

Average Pelvic rotation during gait for an adult

Answer 6

4 deg foward with swing

4 deg backward with stance

Total = 8 deg

Question 7

Average adult step length

Answer 7

28 inches

Question 8

Average adult stride length

Answer 8

56 inches

Question 9

Contraindications for Joint Mobilization

Answer 9

1. Active disease
2. Infection
3. Advanced osteoporosis
4. Articular hypermobility
5. Fracture
6. Acute inflammation
7. Muscle guarding
8. Joint replacement

Question 10

Grades of Mobilization (5)

Answer 10

1 = small amp, first 25% of range

2 = large amp, first 50% of range

3 = large amp, last 50% of range

4 = small amp, last 25% of range

5 = small amp, high velocity thrust at end range

Question 11

Where is the most avascular portion of the Achilles tendon located?

Answer 11

2-6 cm above the insertion at the heel

Question 12

What type of orthotic can decrease the load placed on the Achilles tendon?

Answer 12

Heel lift

Question 13

Who is at increased risk for Achilles tendonitis? (2)

Answer 13

Tight calf/soleus

Pronated/cavus foot

Question 14

What condition puts you at increased risk for adhesive capsulitis?

Answer 14

Diabetes

Question 15

When does congenital hip dysplasia develop?

Answer 15

The 3rd trimester

Question 16

Describe the cervical sidebend and rotation that would be present in L congenital torticollis

Answer 16

L sidebend, R rotation

Question 17

3 Classifications of Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis

Answer 17

Systemic (10-20%)

Polyarticular (20-30%) = 4+ joints

Oligoarticular (40-60%) = < 5 joints, asymmetrical

Question 18

Define Legg Calve Perthes and the loss of motion seen with this condition.

Answer 18

Defn: degeneration of the femoral head due to avascular necrosis

Loss of motion: Hip flex, ABD, IR

Question 19

Forces that cause an MCL sprain

Answer 19

Tibial ER and Knee Valgus

Question 20

What type of meniscal tear is more common? Why?

Answer 20

Medial; has less moblity and is connected to the joint capsule

Question 21

What is another name of osteogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 21

brittle bone disease

Question 22

What foot alignment can cause plantar faciitis? (2)

Answer 22

excessive pronation

prolonged pronation

Question 23

MOI for PCL sprain/tear?

Answer 23

posterior force on tibia while the knee is flexed

“Dashboard” Injury

Question 24

Types of Scoliosis (3)

Answer 24

1. Functional [nonstructural, flexible]: abnormalities in the body that indirectly affect the spine i.e. LLD, muscle imbalance
2. Neuromuscular [structural, inflexible]: developmental pathology resulting in atlered spine structure
3. Degenerative [structural, inflexible]: due ot normal aging process

Question 25

What degree of scoliosis will be considered for surgical treatment?

Answer 25

40 degrees or greater

Question 26

Hip Precautions:

Answer 26

1. Anteriolateral = NO extension, ADD, or ER
2. Posterolateral = NO flexion > 90, ADD, or IR
3. Lateral = NO flexion > 90, extension, ADD, or ER

Question 27

Purpose of Orthotics (6)

Answer 27

1. Prevent deformity
2. Maintain alignment
3. Inhibit tone
4. Assist weakness
5. Protect injury
6. Facilitate motion