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NPTE -- MSK > MSK LE Special Test > Flashcards

MSK LE Special Test Flashcards

1
Q

Special Tests for Hip Contracture/Tightness (6)

A
  1. Ely’s test
  2. Ober’s test
  3. Piriformis test
  4. Thomas test
  5. Tripod sign
  6. 90-90 SLR test
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2
Q

Special Tests for the Pediatric Hip (2)

A
  1. Barlow’s test
  2. Ortolani’s test
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3
Q

Special Tests for Knee Ligamentous Instability (8)

A
  1. Anterior drawer test
  2. Lachman’s test
  3. Lateral pivot shift test
  4. Posterior drawer test
  5. Posterior sag test
  6. Slocum test
  7. Valgus stress test
  8. Varus stress test
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4
Q

Special Tests for Meniscal Pathology (3)

A
  1. Apley’s Compression test
  2. Bounce home test
  3. McMurray test
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5
Q

Special Tests for Knee Swelling (2)

A
  1. Brush Test
  2. Patellar Tap Test
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6
Q

Special Tests for Ankle Ligamentous Instability (2)

A
  1. Anterior drawer test
  2. Talar tilt
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7
Q

Special Tests for L-Spine/SI Region (3)

A
  1. SI joint stress test
  2. Sitting flexion test
  3. Standing flexion test
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8
Q

Ely’s Test

A

Pt. in prone, slowly flex knee

+ = hip flexion occuring with knee flexion

Indicates: shortened/contracted rectus femoris

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9
Q

Ober’s Test

A

Pt. in sidelying with lower leg hip and knee flexed. Therapist moves test leg ino extension, ER, and ABD and then slowly lovers the leg

+ = inability of the test leg to add and touch the table

Indicates: shortened/contracted TFL

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10
Q

Piriformis Test

A

Pt in sidelying with test leg toward ceiling and hip flex 60 deg. Therapist places hand on pelvis and knee, apply ADD force on knee

+ = pain/tightness

Indicates: piriformis tightness or compression of sciatic nerve

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11
Q

Thomas Test

A

Pt supine with legs fully extended, then asked to bring on knee to chest. Observe contralateral hip and leg

+ = straight leg rising from tape

Indicates: hip flexor contracture

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12
Q

Tripod Sign

A

Pt sits with hip and knee flexed to 90, therapists passively extends one knee

+ = tightness in hamstrings or trunk extension

Indicates: hamstring tightness

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13
Q

90-90 SLR Test

A

Pt. supine with hips 90 and knees relaxed, ask pt. to extend knee

+ = knee remain in 20 degor more of flexion

Indicates: hamstring tightness

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14
Q

Barlow’s Test

A

Pt. supine with hips flexed to 90 and knees bent. Stabilize femur and pelvis while moving leg into ADD with posterior force through line of femur.

+ = click/clunk

Indicates: dislocated hip being reduced

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15
Q

Ortolani’s Test

A

Pt. supine with hips flexed to 90 and knees bent. Therapist grabs legs with thumb at medial thigh, hip ABD with gentle posterior pressure until resistance is felt at 30 deg

+ = click/clunk

Indicates: dislocated hip being reduced

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16
Q

Craig’s Test

A

Pt. prone with knee flexed to 90. Palpate greater trochanter and IR/ER hip until greater trochnater is at it’s most lateral point/parallel to table. Measure angle of leg with table

Normal Anteversion = 8-15 degress

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17
Q

Patrick’s (FABER) Test

A

Pt. supine, place leg in hip flex, ABD, and ER with ankle resting above opposite knee. Slowly lower test leg to table at knee

+ = failure of test leg to ABD below opposite leg

Indicates: iliopsoas tightness or SI/Hip joint abnormalities

18
Q

Quadrant Scouring Test

A

Pt. supine with hip flexed, move hip through ABD/ADD while applying compressive force through the hip

+ = grinding, catching, or crepitus

Indicates: hip pathology such as arthritis, avascular necrosis, or osteochondral defect

19
Q

Trendelenburg Test

A

Pt. asked to stand on one leg

+ = drop of pelvis on unsupported side

Indicates: gluteus medius weakness on the supporting limb

20
Q

Anterior Drawer Test

A

Pt. in supine with knee flexed and foot stabilized on table. Grasp behind the tibia at the knee joint and apply anterior force

+ = excessive anterior translation of tibia

Indicates: ACL injury

21
Q

Lachman’s Test

A

Pt. supine with knee flexed to 20-30 deg. Stabilize distal femur, grasp proximal tibia and apply anterior force

+ = excessive anterior tibial translation

Indicates: ACL injury

22
Q

Lateral Pivot Shift Test

A

Pt. supine with hip flexed and ABD 30 deg with slight IR. Therapist grasps leg and lateral proximal tibia, IR tibia while applying a valgus force to knee and slowly flex the knee

+ = palpable shift/clunk between 20-40 deg of knee flexion

Indicates: Tibia reducing on femur

23
Q

Posterior Drawer Test

A

Pt. supine with knee flexed and foot stabilized on table. Apply posterior force through tibial plateaus

+ = excessive posterior tibial translation

Indicates: PCL injury

24
Q

Posterior Sag Sign

A

Pt. supine with hip and knee flexed to 90 and heels supported, can additionally asked pt. to dig heels into hands.

+ = tibia sagging back on femur

Indicates: PCL injury

25
Q

Slocum Test

A

Pt. supine with knees flexed to 90, hips flexed to 45. IR lower leg 30 deg and stabilize on table. Apply anterior force through proximal tibia.

+ = movement of tibia occuring primarily at the lateral side

Indicates: anterolateral instability

26
Q

Valgus Stress Test

A

Pt. supine with knee flexed to 20-30 degrees. Apply valgus force

+ = excessive valgus movement

Indicates MCL sprain

With leg at 0-5 deg, MCL receives aid from ACL/PCL

27
Q

Varus Stress Test

A

Pt. supine with knee flexed to 20-30 degrees. Apply varus force

+ = excessive valgus movement

Indicates LCL sprain

With leg at 0-5 deg, LCL receives aid from ACL/PCL

28
Q

Apley’s Compression

A

Pt. prone with knee flexed to 90. Apply compressive force through tibia while IR/ER rotating leg

+ = pain/clikcing

Indicates: meniscal lesion

29
Q

Bounce Home Test

A

Pt. supine, grasp pt’s heel and maxmially flex then extend knee

+ = imcomplete extension or rubbery end feel

Indicates: meniscal lesion

30
Q

McMurray Test

A

Pt. supine. Therapist IR tibia, applies varus force and extends knee, repeat while ER tibia, applying valgus force, and extending knee

+ = click or crepitus

Indicates: meniscal lesion

IR+Varus = medial meniscus

ER+Valgus = lateral meniscus

31
Q

Brush Test

A

Pt. supine, therapist places on hand below joint line on medial patella and strokes proximally the other hand then strokes down lateral patella

+ = wave of fluid just below medial distal border of patella

Indicates: knee effusion

32
Q

Patellar Tap Test

A

Pt. supine, therapist applies slight tap over patella

+ = patella appears to be floating

Indicates: joint effusion

33
Q

Clarke’s Sign

A

Pt. supine with therapist applying slight distal pressure to the superior pole of the patella. Ask pt. to contract quad

+ = failure to complete contraction without pain

Indicates: patellofemoral dysfunction

34
Q

Hughston’s Plica Test

A

Pt. supine, therapist flexes knee and IR tibia while other hand moves patella medially and palpates medial femoral condyle

+ = popping over medial plica with knee motion

35
Q

Noble Compression Test

A

Pt. supine, therapist applied pressure at lateral femoral condyle and asks pt. to extend knee

+ = pain over lateral femoral condyle at appox 30 deg of knee flexion

Indicates: IT band friction syndrome

36
Q

Patellar Apprehension TEst

A

Pt. supine, therapist applies lateral force to patella

+ = look of apprehension or attempt to contract quadriceps

Indicates: patellar subluxation/dislocation

37
Q

Ankle Anterior Drawer Test

A

Stabilize distal tibia/fibula and grasp calcaneus, apply anterior force through calcaneus

+ = excessive atnerior translation of talus

Indicates: anterior talofibular ligament sprain

38
Q

Talar Tilt Test

A

Stabilize distal tibia/fibula, grasp lateral talus/calcaneus and apply inversion force

+ = excessive ADD/inversion

Indicates: Calcaeofibular ligament sprain

39
Q

Thompson Test

A

Pt. prone, squeeze calf

+ = absence of PF

Indicates: Achilles Tendon Rupture

40
Q

SI Joint Stress Test

A

Pt. supine, apply lateral/doward pressure through ASIS

+ = pain at SI joint/gluteal region

Indicates: SI joint dysfunction

NPTE -- MSK (12 decks)

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