MMT

Question 1

A muscle performance assessment includes the assessment of:

Answer 1

• muscle strength
• muscle endurance
• and power

Question 2

muscle strength is the

Answer 2

measureable force exerted by a muscle or group of muscles to overcome resistance in one max effort

Question 3

Muscle endurance is the

Answer 3

ability to contract a muscle repeatedly over a period of time

Question 4

Power is

Answer 4

work produced per unit of time ( a product of speed and strength

Question 5

3 primary approaches used to determine muscle strength

Answer 5

isotonic, isokinetic and isometric

Question 6

Isotonic refers to

Answer 6

• constant muscle tension

- concentric vs. eccentric

Question 7

isotonic strength is often assessed based on

Answer 7

the 1RM but because that could be detrimental to the subject usually multiple reps are used to determine max

Question 8

T/F in general gross strength of muscle groups is assessed rather than strength of individual muscles

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Isokinetic dynamometers allow for measurement of strength by having subject provide:

Answer 9

resistance through ROM at constant velocity

(high reliability but also high cost - also is considered non-functional since muscle strength is assessed in non-weight bearing)

Question 10

to test isometric contraction:

Answer 10

the muscle strength is tested by having the muscle generate force against an immovable resistance

Question 11

most common methods of isometric testing

Answer 11

manual muscle testing (MMT)
handheld dynamometry (HHD)

Question 12

disadvantage to isometric testing

Answer 12

provides muscle strength data at only one point in ROM

Question 13

patients with significant muscle weakness are best assessed using:

Answer 13

MMT

Question 14

patients with strength in the range of _______ to ______ should not be tested with MMT

Answer 14

good (4) to normal (5)

Question 15

age considerations with MMT

Answer 15

• young children may not have concentration or ability to understand instructions
• elderly not able to tolerate certain positions, have balance issues, etc.

Question 16

MMT is method of choice for assessment of muscle strength of pts whose muscle test grade fall:

Answer 16

below a FAIR + (3+)

Question 17

MMT assists the therapist is:

Answer 17

• diagnosis and prognosis by determining level of lesion
• planning treatment
• evaluating progress or regression of patient
• basic starting point for developing an exercise program for the patient/client

Question 18

MMT is designed to measure:

Answer 18

muscle strength (defined as ability of muscle to develop isometric tension against resistance)

Question 19

Palpation of the muscle being tested is always done to confirm:

Answer 19

the muscle is actively contracting even if limb movement is not observed

Question 20

examiner should apply resistance force __________ to the distal end of the distal segment of bone being tested

Answer 20

perpendicular

Question 21

Make test

Answer 21

• patient exerts mac force against applied resistance throughout ROM
• patient instructed to pull or push as hard as they can

Question 22

Break test

Answer 22

” do not let me move your arm”

Question 23

which segment should be stabilized during MMT?

Answer 23

the stationary segment

Question 24

substitution

Answer 24

when one muscle/ muscle group attempts to compensate for another due to malfunction/weakness/paralysis etc.

Question 25

hip hike using QL due to weakness of gluteus medius is an example of

Answer 25

substitution

Question 26

what can a PT control during MMT?

Answer 26

- correct positioning - proper point of application of resistance - use of proper stabilization - motivation of the patient

Question 27

resistance is applied in...

Answer 27

exact opposite direction of movement

Question 28

If patient can complete FULL ROM against gravity

Answer 28

- apply resistance for 4-5 seconds instructing patient to continually hold position (continue until patient breaks or it was held for 4-5 seconds)

Question 29

If patient CANNOT complete FULL ROM against gravity

Answer 29

reposition patient in gravity-lessoned position

Question 30

to prevent fatigue of proximal muscles order the muscles we are testing from:

Answer 30

proximal to distal

Question 31

Gravity lessoned grades

Answer 31

0 to (3-)

Question 32

Grade 0

Answer 32

zero- no evidence of contraction by vision or palpation

Question 33

Grade 1

Answer 33

trace- slight contraction; NO movement

Question 34

Grade 2-

Answer 34

poor minus: movement through PARTIAL ROM in gravity-lessoned position

Question 35

Grade 2

Answer 35

Poor- movement through full ROM in gravity-lessoned position

Question 36

Grade 2+

Answer 36

Poor +: movement through full ROM in gravity-lessoned position and up to 1/2 ROM against gravity

Question 37

Grade 3-

Answer 37

Fair - : movement through full ROM in gravity lessened position and more than 1/2 ROM against gravity

Question 38

Grade 3

Answer 38

Fair: movement through full ROM against gravity

Question 39

Grade 3+

Answer 39

Fair Plus: movement through full ROM against gravity and able to hold against minimum resistance

Question 40

Grade 4

Answer 40

Good: movement through full ROM against gravity and able to hold against moderate resistance

Question 41

Grade 5

Answer 41

Normal: movement through full ROM against gravity and able to hold against max resistance

Question 42

shoulder external rotators

Answer 42

infraspinatus and teres minor

Question 43

shoulder internal rotators

Answer 43

subscapularis, pec major, lats, and teres major

Question 44

for MMT the PT palpate the muscle with the ____________ hand and maintains stabilization with the _________ hand

Answer 44

resistance hand other hand

Question 45

if patient cannot complete the full ROM against gravity then reposition them in a

Answer 45

gravity lessoned position

Question 46

Testing the hip flexors is best done in a

Answer 46

seated position

Question 47

internal rotators of the hip

Answer 47

gluteus minimus and medius and TFL

Question 48

external rotators of the hip

Answer 48

tested in seated position- these are the obturator internus and externus, gemelli, quad femoris, piriformis, glut med and max