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PT exam final > MMT > Flashcards

MMT Flashcards

1
Q

A muscle performance assessment includes the assessment of:

A
  • muscle strength
  • muscle endurance
  • and power
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2
Q

muscle strength is the

A

measureable force exerted by a muscle or group of muscles to overcome resistance in one max effort

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3
Q

Muscle endurance is the

A

ability to contract a muscle repeatedly over a period of time

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4
Q

Power is

A

work produced per unit of time ( a product of speed and strength

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5
Q

3 primary approaches used to determine muscle strength

A

isotonic, isokinetic and isometric

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6
Q

Isotonic refers to

A
  • constant muscle tension

- concentric vs. eccentric

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7
Q

isotonic strength is often assessed based on

A

the 1RM but because that could be detrimental to the subject usually multiple reps are used to determine max

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8
Q

T/F in general gross strength of muscle groups is assessed rather than strength of individual muscles

A

True

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9
Q

Isokinetic dynamometers allow for measurement of strength by having subject provide:

A

resistance through ROM at constant velocity

(high reliability but also high cost - also is considered non-functional since muscle strength is assessed in non-weight bearing)

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10
Q

to test isometric contraction:

A

the muscle strength is tested by having the muscle generate force against an immovable resistance

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11
Q

most common methods of isometric testing

A 
manual muscle testing (MMT)
handheld dynamometry (HHD)
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12
Q

disadvantage to isometric testing

A

provides muscle strength data at only one point in ROM

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13
Q

patients with significant muscle weakness are best assessed using:

A

MMT

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14
Q

patients with strength in the range of _______ to ______ should not be tested with MMT

A

good (4) to normal (5)

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15
Q

age considerations with MMT

A
  • young children may not have concentration or ability to understand instructions
  • elderly not able to tolerate certain positions, have balance issues, etc.
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16
Q

MMT is method of choice for assessment of muscle strength of pts whose muscle test grade fall:

A

below a FAIR + (3+)

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17
Q

MMT assists the therapist is:

A
  • diagnosis and prognosis by determining level of lesion
  • planning treatment
  • evaluating progress or regression of patient
  • basic starting point for developing an exercise program for the patient/client
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18
Q

MMT is designed to measure:

A

muscle strength (defined as ability of muscle to develop isometric tension against resistance)

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19
Q

Palpation of the muscle being tested is always done to confirm:

A

the muscle is actively contracting even if limb movement is not observed

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20
Q

examiner should apply resistance force __________ to the distal end of the distal segment of bone being tested

A

perpendicular

21
Q

Make test

A
  • patient exerts mac force against applied resistance throughout ROM
  • patient instructed to pull or push as hard as they can
22
Q

Break test

A

” do not let me move your arm”

23
Q

which segment should be stabilized during MMT?

A

the stationary segment

24
Q

substitution

A

when one muscle/ muscle group attempts to compensate for another due to malfunction/weakness/paralysis etc.

25
Q

hip hike using QL due to weakness of gluteus medius is an example of

A

substitution

26
Q

what can a PT control during MMT?

A
  • correct positioning
  • proper point of application of resistance
  • use of proper stabilization
  • motivation of the patient
27
Q

resistance is applied in…

A

exact opposite direction of movement

28
Q

If patient can complete FULL ROM against gravity

A
  • apply resistance for 4-5 seconds instructing patient to continually hold position (continue until patient breaks or it was held for 4-5 seconds)
29
Q

If patient CANNOT complete FULL ROM against gravity

A

reposition patient in gravity-lessoned position

30
Q

to prevent fatigue of proximal muscles order the muscles we are testing from:

A

proximal to distal

31
Q

Gravity lessoned grades

A

0 to (3-)

32
Q

Grade 0

A

zero- no evidence of contraction by vision or palpation

33
Q

Grade 1

A

trace- slight contraction; NO movement

34
Q

Grade 2-

A

poor minus: movement through PARTIAL ROM in gravity-lessoned position

35
Q

Grade 2

A

Poor- movement through full ROM in gravity-lessoned position

36
Q

Grade 2+

A

Poor +: movement through full ROM in gravity-lessoned position and up to 1/2 ROM against gravity

37
Q

Grade 3-

A

Fair - : movement through full ROM in gravity lessened position and more than 1/2 ROM against gravity

38
Q

Grade 3

A

Fair: movement through full ROM against gravity

39
Q

Grade 3+

A

Fair Plus: movement through full ROM against gravity and able to hold against minimum resistance

40
Q

Grade 4

A

Good: movement through full ROM against gravity and able to hold against moderate resistance

41
Q

Grade 5

A

Normal: movement through full ROM against gravity and able to hold against max resistance

42
Q

shoulder external rotators

A

infraspinatus and teres minor

43
Q

shoulder internal rotators

A

subscapularis, pec major, lats, and teres major

44
Q

for MMT the PT palpate the muscle with the ____________ hand and maintains stabilization with the _________ hand

A

resistance hand

other hand

45
Q

if patient cannot complete the full ROM against gravity then reposition them in a

A

gravity lessoned position

46
Q

Testing the hip flexors is best done in a

A

seated position

47
Q

internal rotators of the hip

A

gluteus minimus and medius and TFL

48
Q

external rotators of the hip

A

tested in seated position- these are the obturator internus and externus, gemelli, quad femoris, piriformis, glut med and max

PT exam final (10 decks)

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