Mod 6-7 Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is a chemical change?
Forms new substances observed via color change, precipitate, gas bubbles, or heat/light.
Examples include reactions like baking soda with vinegar producing CO₂ bubbles.
What do chemical equations list?
Reactants on the left and products on the right.
This structure is essential for understanding chemical reactions.
What is the purpose of balancing chemical equations?
Conserves atoms by adjusting coefficients only.
Never change subscripts when balancing.
How do you balance polyatomic ions in a chemical equation?
Balance them as units if unchanged on both sides.
What are the five classes of chemical reactions?
- Combination
- Decomposition
- Single-replacement
- Double-replacement
- Combustion
What is oxidation in terms of electron transfer?
Electron loss.
Remember: OIL (Oxidation Is Loss).
What is reduction in terms of electron transfer?
Electron gain.
Remember: RIG (Reduction Is Gain).
What is the role of the oxidizing agent in a redox reaction?
It is reduced.
What does Avogadro’s number represent?
1 mol = 6.022×10²³ particles.
How is molar mass used in chemistry?
Converts between grams and moles.
What is the stoichiometric roadmap for calculations?
Grams → moles → mole ratio → moles → grams.
What is a limiting reactant?
The reactant that is consumed first, restricting product formation.
How do you calculate percent yield?
Percent yield = (actual/theoretical) × 100%.
What does the combustion reaction produce?
CO₂, H₂O, and energy.
Fill in the blank: Oxidation is defined as _______.
electron loss.
Fill in the blank: The formula for percent yield is _______.
(actual/theoretical) × 100%.
True or False: You can change subscripts when balancing chemical equations.
False.
What is produced in the combustion of ethanol?
CO₂ and H₂O.
Identify the reaction type: A + B → AB.
Combination reaction.
Identify the reaction type: AB → A + B.
Decomposition reaction.
Identify the reaction type: A + BC → AC + B.
Single-replacement reaction.
Identify the reaction type: AB + CD → AD + CB.
Double-replacement reaction.
What is the balanced equation for the combustion of ethanol?
C₂H₆O + 3 O₂ → 2 CO₂ + 3 H₂O.
What is the balanced equation for the reaction: N₂ + 3 H₂?
2 NH₃.
