Module 1

Question 1

Define the term anatomy and distinguish between anatomy and physiology.

Answer 1

primarily the study of structure and the relationships among structures.
physiology deals with functions of body parts

Question 2

histology

Question 3

microscopic

Answer 3

visible only with the aid of microscope

Question 4

gross/macroscopic

Answer 4

visible without the use of a microscope

Question 5

surface

Question 6

sectional

Answer 6

internal structure and relationships of the body through the use of sections

Question 7

systemic approach

Answer 7

structure of specific systems of the body such as the nervous or respiratory

Question 8

regional approach

Answer 8

specific regions of the body such as head or neck

Question 9

clinical approach

Answer 9

study of anatomy as it applies to any clinical discipline

Question 10

comparative approach

Answer 10

comparing species, comparing populations, comparing individuals

Question 11

medical imaging

Answer 11

Medical imaging refers to techniques and processes used to create images of the human body. They allow visualization of internal structures to diagnose abnormal anatomy and deviations from normal physiology.

Question 12

palpation

Answer 12

means using the sense of touch to determine the location of an internal part of the body through the skin.

Question 13

auscultation

Answer 13

the examiner listens to body sounds to evaluate the functioning of certain organs, often using a
stethoscope to amplify the sounds. An example is auscul- tation of the lungs during breathing to check for crackling sounds associated with abnormal fluid accumulation in the air spaces of the lungs

Question 14

percussion

Answer 14

he examiner taps on the body surface with the fingertips and listens to the result- ing sound. Hollow cavities or spaces produce a different sound than solid organs do

Question 15

Distinguish between a sign and a symptom in the process of diagnosis.

Answer 15

A symptom is a manifestation of disease apparent to the patient himself, while a sign is a manifestation of disease that the physician perceives. sign is objective evidence, symptom is subjective

Question 16

the standard anatomical position

Answer 16

subject stands erect facing the observer, with the head level and the eyes facing directly forward. lower limbs are parallel and the feet are flat on the floor and directed forward. upper limbs are ay the sides with palms facing forward

Question 17

prone

Answer 17

body is lying face down

Question 18

supine

Answer 18

body is laying face up

Question 19

cephalic

Answer 19

head

Question 20

cervical

Answer 20

neck

Question 21

frontal

Answer 21

forehead

Question 22

temporal

Answer 22

temple

Question 23

ortitibal oracular

Answer 23

eye

Question 24

buccal

Answer 24

cheek

Question 25

mental

Answer 25

chin

Question 26

sternal

Answer 26

breastbone

Question 27

mammary

Answer 27

breast

Question 28

umbilical

Answer 28

naval

Question 29

coxal

Answer 29

hip

Question 30

inguinal

Answer 30

groin

Question 31

pollex

Answer 31

thumb

Question 32

manual

Answer 32

hand

Question 33

pubic

Answer 33

pubis

Question 34

dorsal

Answer 34

bottom of foot

Question 35

hallux

Answer 35

great toe

Question 36

pedal

Answer 36

foot

Question 37

tarsal

Answer 37

ankle

Question 38

digital or phalangeal

Answer 38

toes

Question 39

crural

Answer 39

leg

Question 40

patellar

Answer 40

knee

Question 41

femoral

Answer 41

thigh

Question 42

phalangeal

Answer 42

fingers

Question 43

palmar

Answer 43

palm

Question 44

carpal

Answer 44

wrist

Question 45

antecubital

Answer 45

front of elbow

Question 46

brachial

Answer 46

arm

Question 47

axillary

Answer 47

armpit

Question 48

occipital

Answer 48

base of skull

Question 49

scapular

Answer 49

shoulder blade

Question 50

vertebral

Answer 50

spinal column

Question 51

olecranal or cubital

Answer 51

back of elbow

Question 52

sacral

Answer 52

between hips

Question 53

gluteal

Answer 53

buttock

Question 54

perineal

Answer 54

region of the anus and external genitals

Question 55

popliteal

Answer 55

hollow behind the knees

Question 56

sural

Answer 56

calf

Question 57

plantar

Answer 57

sole of foot

Question 58

calcaneal

Answer 58

heel

Question 59

dorsum

Answer 59

back of hand

Question 60

sagittal plane

Answer 60

vertical plane that divides the organ into left and right sides

Question 61

midsagittal (median)plane

Answer 61

when a plane passes through the midline and divides it into equal right and left sides

Question 62

parasagittal plane

Answer 62

unequal left and right sides

Question 63

frontal (coronal) plane

Answer 63

divides the body into front and back

Question 64

transverse (axial, horizontal) plane

Answer 64

divides the body into upper and lower portions

Question 65

oblique plane

Answer 65

passes through the body at an angle other than 90 degrees

Question 66

superior

Answer 66

above or higher; toward the head

Question 67

cranial

Answer 67

relaxing to the skull or head

Question 68

inferior

Answer 68

below or lower in portion; toward the feet

Question 69

rostral

Answer 69

releasing to the nose and mouth regions; toward the face

Question 70

caudal

Answer 70

relating t the tail; at the end or near the tail or posterior part of the body

Question 71

anterior

Answer 71

nearer to or at the front of the body

Question 72

posterior

Answer 72

nearer to or at the back of the body

Question 73

ventral

Answer 73

relating to the belly side of the body; toward the belly

Question 74

dorsal

Answer 74

relating to the back of the body; toward the back

Question 75

medial

Answer 75

nearer to the midline

Question 76

lateral

Answer 76

farther from the midline

Question 77

intermediate

Answer 77

between two structures

Question 78

ipsilateral

Answer 78

on the same side of the body midline as another structure

Question 79

contralateral

Answer 79

on the opposite side of a body midline as another structure

Question 80

proximal

Answer 80

nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk; further from the origination of a structure

Question 81

distal

Answer 81

farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk; farther from the origination of a structure

Question 82

superficial

Answer 82

toward or on the surface of the body

Question 83

deep

Answer 83

away from the surface of the body

Question 84

external

Answer 84

toward the outside of a structure

Question 85

internal

Answer 85

toward the inside of a structure

Question 86

anatomical terms of direction

Answer 86

describe the relative portion of structures or locations in or on the body