Module 1 Practice quiz

Question 1

Which are causes of cellular injury? (Select all that apply.)

Answer 1

Genetic, Hypoxia cell injury, Chemical injury

Question 2

Which statements are true regarding apoptosis?

Answer 2

An active process of cellular self-destruction

Question 3

Which of the following is an increase in cell number?

Answer 3

Hyperplasia

Question 4

Only cells that can divide will undergo hyperplasia; therefore, hyperplasia of the myocytes in the heart and neurons in the brain does not occur.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

The most common cause of hypoxia is:

Answer 5

Ischemia

Question 6

Sunburn by excessive exposure to sunlight is an observable example of cell injury by ___________

Answer 6

Physical agents

Question 7

Which of the following occur as a result of decreases in workload, use, pressure, blood supply, nutrition, hormonal stimulation, and nervous stimulation?

Answer 7

Pathologic Atrophy

Question 8

Which of the following are examples of hypoxia in inflammatory conditions? (select all that apply)

Answer 8

colitis, acute lung injury, infections with pathogens

Question 9

According to the text, the world’s largest single environmental health risk is:

Answer 9

Air Pollution

Question 10

-___________ is the number one mood altering drug used in the US

Answer 10

Alcohol

Question 11

_________ , or oxygen failing to reach the blood, can result from a lack of oxygen in the environment.

Answer 11

suffocation

Question 12

Deep sea divers need to be concerned with _________ which can cause gas emboli

Answer 12

Decompression Sickness

Question 13

During cell injury caused by hypoxia, why does an increase in the osmotic pressure within the cell occur?

Answer 13

Sodium chloride enters the cell.

Question 14

What two types of hearing loss are associated with noise?

Answer 14

Acoustic trauma and noise-induced

Question 15

In decompression sickness, emboli are formed by bubbles of what?

Answer 15

Nitrogen

Question 16

Which term describes the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) subunit of one deoxyribose molecule, one phosphate group, and one base?

Answer 16

Nucleotide

Question 17

Which statement is true regarding base pairs?

Answer 17

Uracil pairs with adenine.

Question 18

Which statement is true regarding chromosomes?

Answer 18

The somatic cells contain 46 chromosomes.

Question 19

Which term describes an allele with an observable effect?

Answer 19

Dominant

Question 20

Which statement is true regarding autosomal dominant gene transmission?

Answer 20

The affected parent transmits the gene to one-half of his or her children.

Question 21

Which statement is true regarding autosomal recessive inheritance?

Answer 21

Males and females are equally affected.

Question 22

Which chromosomes make a female?

Answer 22

XX

Question 23

Cystic Fibrosis is the most common example of ____________

Answer 23

Autosomal recessive disease

Question 24

What is the single most common cause of cellular injury?

Answer 24

Hypoxic injury

Question 25

What is dysplasia?

Answer 25

Modification in the shape of a specific cell type

Question 26

Which of the following are considered to be true adaptive cellular responses? (Select all that apply.)

Answer 26

Metaplasia, Atrophy, Hypertrophy, Hyperplasia

Question 27

Match the type of cellular adaptation to its clinical example.

Answer 27

Lining of uterus thickens after ovulation because of increased amounts of estrogen: Hyperplasia, Man who lifts weights regularly develops larger biceps: Hypertrophy, Thymus gland decreases in size during childhood: Atrophy, Columnar epithelium in bronchi of cigarette smoker is replaced by stratified squamous epithelium: Metaplasia, Captain of roller derby team has greater thigh diameter on left than right from skating clockwise: Hypertrophy, Left calf is smaller than right calf when cast is removed from it: Atrophy, Liver regenerates after surgical removal of damaged portion: Hyperplasia

Question 28

Why does carbon monoxide cause tissue damage?

Answer 28

It binds to hemoglobin so that it cannot carry oxygen