What is the difference between anatomy and physiology?
they complement eachother
Anatomy is the study of body parts and its relationships to one another, while physiology is focused on the functions, how each parts work, and carry life sustaining activities.
Key words:
anatomy: body parts
physiology: function of the body parts
What are the six ways of studying anatomy?
Abbrev: GRSSMD
Gross anatomy, regional, systemic, surface, microscopic, and developmental
They all have an area of focus to better understand anatomy
What are some keywords or phrases to remember the “six ways of studying anatomy”
gross anatomy - visible to the naked eye
regional- all structures of a specific region
systemic- examine system by sytem
surface- study internal structures that are related tot he overlying skin surface
microscopic- cannot be seen by the naked eye
deveopmental- structural changes throughout the life span (e.g phases of human development)
What are the six levels of the structural organization
Chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organ system level, and organismal level
Explain the process of the structural organization
The latter levels encompasses the levels that are antecedent. Hence, it forms the human body.
it all came from something that is already pre-existing
In total, how many organ system are there in he body?
Technically there are 12, however if they seperate both of the reproductive system, then there are 11.
Enumerate the organ systems of the body
Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lympathic/immunity, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and male/ female reproductive system.
Explain the focus of each organ systems
Integumentary- skin
skeletal - bones
muscular- muscles
nervous- brain, nerves, spinal cord
endocrine- glands
cardiovascular- heart
lympathic system - lymph
respiratory - lungs
digestive - stomach
urinary - urinary bladder
male reproductive - testes
female reprodcutive - Ovaries
What are the eight functions of a highly organized human body ?
The requirements of life
maintaing bounderies, movement, responsiveness/excitability,digestion, metabolism, excretion, reproduction, growth
It is the set of metabolic pathwys that breaks down (into smaller units) molecules into energy and other anabolic reactions.
breaks down
Catabolism
It is the set of metabolic pathways that build/construct molecules from smaller units.
Construct
Anabolism
What is the endergonic process?
Related to anabolism
It is known as the energy required to make these reactions possible
What is catabolic state?
Breaking down or losing overall mass
something to lose
What is anabolic state?
It results in fat gain, muscles/bone gain.
something to gain
Give any example of an excretion process that happens in the body
lungs secreting carbon dioxide, excretion of sweat, and excretion of urine/stool
Refers to the process of human procreation
Reproduction
Phases of human development is an example of what process?
Growth
What are the five survival needs of humans?
requirements for life
Nutrients, oxygen, water, normal body temperature and atmospheric pressure.
What is homeostasis?
It is the ability of the body to remain relatively stable internal conditions even though external factors continuosly changes.
What is the difference between a positive and a negative feedback loop?
Positive feedback loop- enhances the original stimulus
Negative feedback- the responses reversses the original stimulus
It is the inability of the body to restore a functional, stable internal environment.
Homeostatic Imbalance
What is the difference between supine and prone position?
Supine- facing upward
Prone- facing downward
Where is the sagittal plane located?
Divides the body in half; however it is not exactly a 50:50 ratio
Where is the median plane located?
It is similar to the cut of the saggital plane but with a ratio of 50 : 50
