module 10 | project coordination + contact administration

Question 1

what is a direct stakeholder?

Answer 1

parties directly involved with the project

ex: project manager

Question 2

what is an indirect stakeholder?

Answer 2

parties indirectly involved with the project

ex: support staff

Question 3

what is a negative stakeholder?

Answer 3

parties who are likely to have a negative impact on the project

ex: those note directly involved, but still affected

Question 4

what is a positive stakeholder?

Answer 4

parties who are likely to have a favorable impact on the project

often direct stakeholders

Question 5

what are the basic roles of a project manager?

Answer 5

to define a project’s scope, including:
- goals
- tasks
- costs
- deadlines

Question 6

what three factors does a project manager balance on any given design project?

Answer 6

1. cost
2. time
3. quality

Question 7

what member of a project team coordinates all communication between team members on the construction side + design side?

Answer 7

the project manager

Question 8

if an interior design team is not part of an architectural firm, the architect is considered a what?

Answer 8

a stakeholder

Question 9

if the interior designer and architect are not part of one firm, how will a client hire the two parties?

Answer 9

the client will hire on two separate contracts

Question 10

in a project team, who supervises the consultant’s work?

Answer 10

the project manager

Question 11

what is a general contractor?

Answer 11

the firm that builds the project and is responsible for structural work

Question 12

what is a field superintendent?

Answer 12

the on-site representative of the general contractor

oversees daily operations and ensures that the schedule is followed, materials are coordinated, and safety regs are met

Question 13

what is a construction manager?

Answer 13

an overseer of the construction process

works with the project manager + general contractor

Question 14

who does a construction manager act as an agent of?

Answer 14

the owner

Question 15

what are three roles of an owner in a construction project?

Answer 15

1. defining the scope + objectives
2. managing finances (including securing funding)
3. managing the timeline

Question 16

true or false: a construction manager, acting as an agent of the owner, is able to advise the designer on material selection, costs, and constructability.

Answer 16

true

Question 17

when should add alternates be used?

Answer 17

add alternates should be used for aspects of a project that the client desires, but are not essential

Question 18

when should deduct alternates be used?

Answer 18

deduct alternates are used as a cost-cutting measures built-in to the construction documents

Question 19

what type of chart shows the earliest and latest possible finishing time for a project?

Answer 19

a critical path method (cpm) chart

Question 20

how is a cpm chart formatted?

Answer 20

a cpm chart identifies specific tasks that will affect the project finish date

Question 21

what is a drawback of using a gantt chart?

Answer 21

gantt charts do not show all sequences + dependencies of the project flow

Question 22

how does pre-design stage differ from the programming stage?

Answer 22

during the pre-design phase the designer does research on the client + user’s needs + goals, project scope, and schedule

whereas

the programming stage includes interaction and information gathering WITH the client

Question 23

what is the main purpose of the bidding / tendering phase?

Answer 23

to assist clients in hiring a contractor, answering contractor questions, and providing any additional documentation needed by the contractor

Question 24

what action is more binding, an approval or a sign-off?

Answer 24

a sign-off

written consent to move forward

Question 25

what is the purpose of a transmittal letter?

Answer 25

to show when and to whom the documents were sent it serves as a record of transmission + context between parties

Question 26

true or false: a designer should use a transmittal for anything needing a comment, approval, or request.

Answer 26

true

Question 27

what are the two parts of a transmittal?

Answer 27

1. the original, sent with the material or document 2. a copy placed in the job file 3. instructions to the receiver for resubmittal or follow-up action

Question 28

what is a request for information (rfi)?

Answer 28

a formal written process seeking clarification of contract documents

Question 29

what is a change order?

Answer 29

a legally-binding document that modifies the original contract by changing the scope, cost, or schedule an agreement by all parties is required

Question 30

during construction, who typically issues RFIs?

Answer 30

the contractor or subcontractor

Question 31

if a change order is not needed, what may a designer issue instead?

Answer 31

notice of a potential change order

Question 32

what is a purchase order?

Answer 32

an official document to document the sale of products and services to be delivered at a later date

Question 33

what are two ways a purchase order can be utilized?

Answer 33

1. to track the status of ordered goods 2. a basis for billing the client

Question 34

who creates the bill of lading when goods are ready to ship?

Answer 34

the vendor

Question 35

a change or modification made after the contract is awarded is documented with a _______________.

Answer 35

change order

Question 36

what happens to a change order once it is accepted + signed?

Answer 36

it becomes part of the contract documents

Question 37

what is the term for a proposed change directed by the owner directing the contractor to advise the impact of a proposed change?

Answer 37

a contemplated change notice

Question 38

what is the term for an order by an architect for minor change in work that does not affect the contract sum or time?

Answer 38

architect's supplemental instruction (asi)

Question 39

what is an addendum?

Answer 39

a modification to the procurement documents issued for bid or negotiation

Question 40

when are addenda issued?

Answer 40

prior to the owner-contractor agreement being executed

Question 41

what is a bulletin used for?

Answer 41

to issue changes after all bids are submitted

Question 42

after each site visit, what should the designer submit to the owner?

Answer 42

a written field report

Question 43

what should a designer note if part of a submittal contains work included in another contract?

Answer 43

highlight the area + note "not revised"

Question 44

if a submittal contains work included in another contract, should the designer proceed and approve the whole submittal?

Answer 44

no, if there is work included in another contract, the designer should highlight the area + note "not revised"

Question 45

what should a designer note if a submittal cannot be approved?

Answer 45

"revise + resubmit"

Question 46

if there are minor mistakes in a submittal, how may a designer respond?

Answer 46

"approved as noted"

Question 47

if a designer responds to a submittal with "approved as noted," how is the contractor to proceed?

Answer 47

this response allows the contractor to resume work without resubmitting

Question 48

who is ultimately responsible for compliance with quality of materials, workmanship, and the fabricated components' dimensions?

Answer 48

the general contractor

Question 49

true or false: approval of shop drawings later discovered to deviate from the contract documents does not waive responsibility of the contractor.

Answer 49

true

Question 50

when and only when can fabrication begin?

Answer 50

after the designer reviews + approves a submittal / shop drawing

Question 51

what is the term for a physical sample meant to represent a portion of the finished project?

Answer 51

a mockup

Question 52

what is a prototype?

Answer 52

similar to a mockup, but offers the opportunity to test the design

Question 53

what type of mockup shows a small amount of work built on-site?

Answer 53

an in-situ mockup

Question 54

what is the benefit of a performance mockup?

Answer 54

a performance mockup has the ability to test the work against the project's performance standards

Question 55

who makes the final punch list?

Answer 55

the general contractor

Question 56

the punch list is required for the designer to determine what?

Answer 56

substantial completion

Question 57

should the punch list be made before or after furniture installation?

Answer 57

before

Question 58

in relation to punch lists, what is retainage?

Answer 58

retainage (holdback funds) are moneys held to complete corrections in construction

Question 59

what percentage of funds are held as retainage?

Answer 59

5% - 10%

Question 60

what are progress payments?

Answer 60

typically for medium - large projects, payments are made at specific points throughout the project

Question 61

how are payments distributed within a time-based payment method?

Answer 61

payments are made in equal distributions

Question 62

how are payments distributed within a milestone-based payment method?

Answer 62

payments are made when specific project stages are complete

Question 63

how are payments distributed within a completion-based payment method?

Answer 63

payments are due at regular intervals based on the project's progress

Question 64

what is an example of completion-based payment?

Answer 64

payments could be due at every 10% of the project's completion

Question 65

who do suppliers send invoices to?

Answer 65

the designer

Question 66

who does the designer send invoices to for services performed and goods purchased?

Answer 66

the client

Question 67

what is a reason a client may withhold payment?

Answer 67

for defective work or damage

Question 68

when do warranties + utility / maintenance responsibilities shift to the owner?

Answer 68

after the designer issues a certificate of substantial completion

Question 69

when is an application for payment issued?

Answer 69

after final completion

Question 70

what is an application for payment?

Answer 70

a contractor's formal request for the final balance of project funds

Question 71

what is the term for the formal testing process that defines + corrects operational deficiencies?

Answer 71

building commissioning