Module 11 Wk2 Flashcards
(38 cards)
(lab animal health and management)
What does sociozoological scale rank?
Rank animals according to place in human society
T/F animals have different moral status in different countries?
True Eg. cows are sacred to hindus but a source of food to others, Dogs are pets in many coubtries but are eaten by people in korea
What are the most commen species used in research in the uk?
mice, fish and rats
What does NVS stand for?
named veterinary surgeon
In terms of monotoring of health and welfare of animals at establishment what is a NVS role?
- Actively involved in safegaurding the welfare of animals at the establishment
- Advise on quarantine requirements and health screening.
- Advise on the welfare of animals to be transported to another place and provide certfication for this.
In terms of advice on treament and implementation of 3R’s what is a NVS role?
- Provides independent veterinary advice and treatment when requested by a researcher or a NACWO
- ensure veterinary cover and services are available at all times
- supply controlled drugs, prescription only medicines and other theraputic drugs
- advise on appropriate methods of GA, analgesia and euthanasia
- stratagies for minimising the severity of protocols and implementing refinements
What is the ASPA?
It is The Animals Scientific Procedures Act and it protects animals used for research in the UK
Why in the Uk is the Act in place?
As in the uk the view is that animals have a moral standing and they are sentient therefore there are laws in place to protect animals against pain, suffering, distress and lasting harm.
What does the act do?
- Regulates any experimental or scientific procedures applied to a ‘protected animal’ that may cause that animal pain, suffering, distress or lasting harm.
What animals are protected by the law?
Under the act a ‘protected animal’ is ‘any living vertebre, other than man, and living cephalopod’.
when are mammals, birds and reptiles protected from?
They are protected from 2/3rds through gestation or incubation
When are fish and amphibia protected from?
Protected from the onset of free feeding
When are cephalopods protected from?
Hatching
How do we protect research animals from pain, suffering, distress and lasting harm?
- Any procedures that may cause pain, suffering, distress or lasting harm to protected animals are classed as “regulated”. This means that Home Office Establishment, Project and Personal Licence authority is required.
- All licenses are reviewed by AWERB, then approved by Home Office.
- Education and training is required to obtain these licences and learn the skills.
- “Humane endpoints” for regulated procedures are required to be set out in the project licence and adhered to by animal technicians and researchers to prevent suffering.
what are humane endpoints?
Clear, predictable and irreversible criteria that allowearly termination of a procedure before an animal experiences harm that is not authorised or scientifically justified
describe the three things that should happen in termsn with endpoints?
- End-points should be predeterminedbefore the experiment begins and notdecided on an ad-hoc basis.
- The use of humaneendpointsshould bemonitored and recorded throughouttheexperiment, andreviewed and changed as required.
- Endpointsfor protocols and the action that should be taken once they arereached are mandated in the project licence.
What is a regulated procedure?
- anything for a scientific purpose that has the potential to cause pain, suffering, distress or lasting harms.
- harms can be physiological or physical, ommisoin or commission
what is the threshold for a regualted procedure?
may have the effect of causing a level of pain, suffering, distress or lasting harm equivalent to or higher than that caused by the introduction of a needle in accordance with good veterinary practice
what kind of things are not regulated?
- Recognised veterinary/ agricultural/animal husbandry practices.
- Clinical veterinary trials.
- Some non invasive procedures, observation, urine / faecal collection.
where do research animals come from?
Bred specially for scientific purposes.
Bred in-house or Commercially.
Never from a pet shop or cat and dog home.
Known health status and genetic background
Farm animals.
what are the 3 R’s
- reduction
- replacement
- refinement
in terms of reduction what could you do?
- Experimental design - so that people do it properly if tey are repeating
- Statistical design and analysis
- More from less
- Share so less repitition of experiments
- Scientific papers again so less repitition
in terms of replacement what could you do?
- use computer models
- do in vitro studies
- use invertebrates
- use less sentient models
Hoe could you refine your experiment to increase welfare?
Housing
Husbandry
Handling
Procedures
Monitoring and scoring systems
