Module 2

Question 1

Years of - Target identification, Lead Discovery, Lead optimization, and Preclinical Trials.

Answer 1

7-10 years

Question 2

Phases l, ll, lll

Answer 2

6-12 years

Question 3

FDA approval and Post-Approval

Answer 3

1-2 years

Question 4

Cover a huge range of biological moieties such as; Protein, Genes, and Nucleic acid.

Answer 4

Target

Question 5

Property should be able to bind with high-affinity to presumed drug moiety.

Answer 5

Druggability

Question 6

Should develop pharmacologic activity that can be established by in-vitro and in-vivo.

Answer 6

Pressumed drug moiety

Question 7

Identifying, selecting, prioritizing, potential disease targets.

Answer 7

Data mining using bioinformatics

Question 8

Genetic polymorphism and connection with disease

Answer 8

Genetic association

Question 9

Changes in mRNA or protein levels

Answer 9

Expulsion profile

Question 10

I’m vitro cell based mechanistic studies

Answer 10

Pathway and phenotypic analysis

Question 11

Knock down and knock out

Answer 11

Functional screening

Question 12

Demonstrate a pertinence of site of action and involves an exhaustive functional group of characterization

Answer 12

Validation

Question 13

Identification of ___ and ____ are crucial in drug delivery process.

Answer 13

Hit and lead compound

Question 14

Chemical compound that exhibits a desired biological activity

Answer 14

Hit

Question 15

Most popular and authentic rational approach for identifying new chemical entities

Answer 15

HTS - High Throughput Screening

Question 16

True or False

Ultra HTS - 100,000 molecules per day.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

When the exact hit molecule is identified, it is refined further to improve
its selectivity, binding properties, potency, and physicochemical properties by a process called

Answer 17

Hit to lead development

Question 18

Valuable approach when known chemical entities with desired activity are unavailable

Answer 18

Random screening

Question 19

No intellectual approach, only approach in 1935, and is a method of choice to discover drugs or lead when nothing is known. It is also sort of blind.

Answer 19

Random screening

Question 20

Accidental discovery

Answer 20

Serendipity

Question 21

Analogues of existing established drugs are synthesized and is more scientific and logical approach.

Answer 21

Molecular manipulation

Question 22

Synthetic Penicillin and Cephalosporin were developed in this manner

Answer 22

Molecular manipulation

Question 23

Most rational approach of drug research and development.

Answer 23

Molecular designing

Question 24

Formed in body after metabolism. Example is Nortriptyline.

Answer 24

Active metabolites

Question 25

Active metabolites of amitriptyline

Answer 25

Nortriptyline

Question 26

Involves an iterative series of synthesis. Maintain favorable properties

Answer 26

Lead optimization

Question 27

Evaluated for range of properties

Answer 27

Potential lead

Question 28

associated with many concept-based methods.

Answer 28

Computer aided drug design

Question 29

Equally important in CADD

Answer 29

Science Technology

Question 30

should be used as complimentary techniques to the experimental methods during drug discovery, to obtain viable results.

Answer 30

CADD methods

Question 31

employ statistical methods extensively

Answer 31

Quantitative Structure Activity relationship

Question 32

an attempt to identify and quantify the physicochemical properties of a drug and relate these to biological activities.

Answer 32

QSAR

Question 33

Can be studied by QSAR

Answer 33

Hydrophobic Electrical Steric properties

Question 34

measure of its distribution in a lipophilic-hydrophilic phase system and indicates its ability to penetrate biologic multiphase systems.

Answer 34

Partition coefficient

Question 35

The crystal or amorphous forms and/or the particle size of a powdered drug can affect

Answer 35

Dissolution rate