Module 2

Question 1

Historical Geology

Answer 1

Geologic age as shown in the stratigraphic column enables comparison of common features

Question 2

What other scientific disciplines are included in Historical geology

Answer 2

stratigraphy
paleontology
radiometric dating

Question 3

orogeny

Answer 3

mountain building event

Question 4

mega-sutures

Answer 4

margins along which continental collisions occur

Question 5

paleontology

Answer 5

study of ancient plant and animal fossils and their position in the geological time scale

Question 6

taxonomy

Answer 6

classification system for plants and animals

Question 7

what’s the taxonomy sequence?

Answer 7

Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family 
Genus
Species
King Philip Came over from Great Spain

Question 8

Plate Tectonics

Answer 8

Crust (Si, O)
Mantle (Fe, Mg)
Core (Fe, Ni)

Question 9

What are the 5 layers of the earth

Answer 9

Lithosphere, Aesthenosphere, Mesosphere (Crust and Mantle)

Inner Core and Outer Core

Question 10

Mohorivicic discontinuity

Answer 10

boundary separating the crust from the underlying mantle

Question 11

Plate Tectonics

Answer 11

interactions oft he oceanic and continental lithosphere due to plate movements

Question 12

mid-ocean ridges

Answer 12

divergent boundary where molten rock is injected, cooled and forms new ocean crust

Question 13

sea-floor spreading

Answer 13

lithospheric plates that move away from mid-oceanic ridges

Question 14

subduction zones

Answer 14

convergent boundaries where lithospheric plates are consumed

Question 15

Comparison of Sedimentary Basin architectures

Answer 15

Extensional Basin(Divergent) --->  NORMAL FAULT
Compressional Basin (Convergent) ---> THRUST FAULT
Pull Apart Basin (Shearing) ---> Wrench Fault (transform)

Question 16

Classification of rocks

Answer 16

Igneous – cooling and crystallization
Sedimentary – weathering and erosion
metamorphic – high temp and pressure

Question 17

Halokinesis

Answer 17

study of salt structures

Question 18

Types of faults

Answer 18

normal
reverse/thrust
wrench/strike-slip/transform (sinistral/dextral)

Question 19

Fold types

Answer 19

anticline
syncline
monocline
asymetrical

Question 20

plunge

Answer 20

axis of the fold that is not horizontal and not dipping.

Question 21

angle of plunge

Answer 21

angle between fold axis and horizontal.

Question 22

salt diapir

Answer 22

anticlinal fold in which salt or gypsum has poked through overlying rock

Question 23

halo-kinetic structure

Answer 23

salt structure - low density salt that flows

Question 24

halo-tectonic structure

Answer 24

salt structure that migrates due to tectonic forces

Question 25

types of salt structures

Answer 25

salt domes, plugs, pillows and walls.