Why must food developers, consider religion when creating products?
Because major religions have dietary restrictions that affect ingredients preparation and acceptability (pork removal)
How can Halal or kosher certification benefit food manufacturers?
It expands market share by making products acceptable to Muslims and Jewish consumers
Why do fast food chains use vegetable oil instead of animal fat?
To avoid religious restrictions related to animal fats
Give one example of religion, influencing food marketing
McDonald’s offers a fish burger for Catholics and Halal/kosher options for Muslims and Jews
How can religious food labels help people with allergies or a special diet and why might vegetarians or vegans rely on religious food stamps?
They help avoid specific ingredients (like kosher parve, avoids meat and dairy), vegetarians or vegans might use them to identify products without meat or animal derivatives
Why are religious groups considered natural experiments?
They follow constant dietary patterns that cannot be ethically assigned in experiments
What dietary practises are often studied using religious experiments?
Vegetarianism, fasting, abstinence, and avoid avoidance of alcohol
Name five common character, characteristics of religion
Sacred beliefs, belief systems, community, rituals, moral codes, and symbols
What terms describe people who are strictly religious
Orthodox, devote, observant or adherent
What terms describe non-religious individuals
Secular humanist, agonistic and atheist
What are the three Abraham religions and the major eastern religions?
Christianity, Judaism and Islam, or originating from Middle East
Hinduism, Buddhism Sikhism, originating from India and surrounding regions
What do Abraham religions share in common?
One God, moral accountability, preparation for afterlife, divine commandments
What is dharma?
Spiritual traditions originating in ancient India
What is reincarnation?
Cycle of birth, death, and rebirth
What is karma?
Actions caused further consequences
What is ahimsa & metta
Ahimsa: non-violence toward all life (Hinduism)
Metta: loving kindness toward all beings (Buddhism)
How does fasting build self mastery?
By resisting temptation and focussing on spirituality over physical desire
What diet is promoted in Hinduism
Lacto vegetarianism
Why is meat discouraged in Dharmik religions?
Belief in nonviolence and concern that meat hinders spiritual development
What does kosher mean?
Fit or proper under Jewish dietary law
What makes a mammal kosher
Chews cud & has split hooves
Why are pigs not kosher?
They have split hooves, but do not chew cud
Which birds and fish are kosher
Chicken, turkey, duck and goose or kosher
Fish with fins and scales are kosher. Shellfish crustaceans are not kosher.
Why do orthodox Jewish homes have two kitchens or dish sets?
To prevent contamination between meat and dairy
