What is subcutaneous emphysema? What conditions would we find that caused it
Presence of gas or air trapped in the subcutaneous layer under the skin, crackling/rice crispy feeling
What happens to your blood pressure if your vessels dialate?
BP goes down
Why are the radial pulses, or any pulse for that matter, palpable? In other words, what is happening in the heart and in the vessels that we feel under our fingers when we palpate a pulse?
The systolic number makes it happen and that is the beat
How often do we reassess stable patients and unstable
15/5
What does tripod position look like-describe it to me? What does tripod position indicate to you about your patient?
Elbow on knees and they are trying to catch breaths
What does the skin of a high blood pressure patient look like? Color, Temperature, Condition
- Flush skin, warmer temperature, sweaty
What is gcs
Glasical coma scale and provides info on patients change in mental status
What is the max you can be and lowest in the gcs
15 is the max (eyes 4, verbal 5 , and motor 6) and 3 is the minimum
What is adult normal for rate of breathing, rate of pulse, BP, BGL, SPO2, ETCO2, Pupils, Pain Score
12/20, 60-100. 120/80, 70-120, 95-100, 35-45, equal round reactive to light and 0-10.
If the patient worsens in the secondary assessment what should you do
start over in the primary, your abc’s
Where do you assess skin color in dark pigmented skin patient populations
Inside lower eye lids, nail beds, palms/soles
What is a pertinent negative
A sign or symptom you specifically ask about and patient denies
What does JVD being present indicate? In order for your JVD assessment to be reliable and accurate, at what angle must you place the patient?
Jugular vein distention - sign of a backfill in vein backing up into your jugular vein - semi-fowler
Normal breathing rate for toddlers and infants
Toddler 24-40
Infant 30-60
What is the R in OPQRST mean? Apply it
Region/ radiation - where do you feel the symptom and does it move anywhere
When does golden hour begin and where does it end?
Begins at time of injury and ends with definitive care
Define chief complaint
Most serious thing patient is concerned about
Goal of primary assessment
Identify and begin treatment of immediate or imminent life threats
why the jaw thrust and not the head tilt chin lift
Jaw thrust for those have sustained spinal trauma
Why do we perform history taking in the secondary part of our assessments?
Because immediate life threats need to be addressed first
What is cyanosis? is it an early or late finding
Occurs when low levels of oxygen
Your skin turns blue
body redirects blood to core organs
Late finding
What is dcap-btls
- Deformities, contusions/crepitus(, abrasions(road rash), punctures/penetrations,- burns, tenderness, lacerations(cut), swelling
What is BATTLE SIGN? What is RACOON EYES? What do these findings indicate?
Battle sign is bruising behind ears and racoon eyes are around eyes
indicates a baselar skull fracture
24: How many seconds should it take for color to return in a capillary refill check?
2 seconds
