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BHSC 1119 > Module 2 > Flashcards

Module 2 Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

Tissues

A

groups of similar cells that perform a specialized function

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2
Q

Epithelial

A

covering tissue; covers surface and lines body cavities

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3
Q

Hyaluronic Acid

A

found in ground substance of extracellular matrix of connective tissue; lubricates joints and aids WBCs to move through tissue

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4
Q

Chondroitin sulfate

A

found in ground substance of extracellular matrix of connective tissue; lends support and adhesiveness to bone/skin

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5
Q

Collagen fibers

A

protein fibre of extracellular matrix; made of protein collagen; strong and flexible
found in loose connective tissue, tendons, ligaments, and cartilage

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6
Q

Elastic Fiber

A

protein fibre of extracellular matrix; forms network within cell; role in stability, strength and elasticity

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7
Q

Reticular Fibers

A

protein fibre of extracellular matrix; supports walls of blood vessels, forms branching network around fat, nerve and skeletal cells AND forms STOMA (supporting framework of soft organs)

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8
Q

Fibroblast

A

connective tissue cell; matrix secreting cells (secrete fibers and ground substance through connective tissue)

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9
Q

Macrophages

A

connective tissue cell; engulf bacteria and debris via phagocytosis

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10
Q

Plasma cells

A

connective tissue cell; secrete antibodies (important for immune response)

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11
Q

Mast cell

A

connective tissue cell; produce histamine (to dilate blood vessel for inflammatory response) and kills bacteria

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12
Q

Adipocytes

A

connective tissue cell; stores triglycerides

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13
Q

Neutrophils

A

WBC that migrates to connective tissue to areas of infection and kills microbes

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14
Q

Eosinophils

A

WBC that migrates to connective tissue to areas of parasitic infection and allergic reactions

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15
Q

Antiangiogenesis factor

A

secreted by cartilage; prevents blood vessel growth

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16
Q

chondrocytes

A

mature cartilage occur within lacunae spaces in matrix

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17
Q

cutaneous membrane

A

skin; provides sensitivity and stimulation; contains specialized secretory glands

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18
Q

Mucous Membrane

A

1/3 type of epithelial membrane; secretes mucus; found in respiratory, digestive and reproductive system; acts to moisten surface and trap particles
lines cavities that open to exterior

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19
Q

Serous Membrane

A

1/3 type of epithelial membrane; covers organs (visceral) and lines body cavities (parietal) that DO NOT open to exterior
mesothelium layer secretes serous fluid

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20
Q

Serous Fluid

A

watery fluid that prevents friction and allows organs to slide against each other and against cavity walls

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21
Q

Synovial Membrane

A

1/3 type of epithelial membrane; contains no epithelial tissue (just areolar connective tissue and fat)
secretes synovial fluid
allows joints to be freely moving

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22
Q

Synovial Fluid

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A

lubricating fluid secreted by synovial membrane; removes microbes and debris from joint cavity

23
Q

Epidermis

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A

thin, superficial outer layer of skin; composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium which gives it its tough exterior

24
Q

Stratum Corneum

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A

most superficial layer of epidermis

25
Stratum Granulosum
granular layer of epidermis; site where keratinocytes begin to die and harden
26
Stratum Basale
deepest layer of epidermis; contains stem cells that produce keratinocytes which get pushed up through the 5 layers of the epidermis
27
Keratinocyte
type of epidermis cell; produces keratin; 90% of cells in epidermis are keratinocytes
28
Melanocytes
produce melanin which gets transferred to keratinocytes; susceptible to UV damage
29
Melanin
produced by melanocytes; yellow-red/brown-black pigment contributing to skin colour; absorbs UV light; protects skin from UV light by getting darker
30
Langerhans cells
cell of epidermis; helps immune responsive cells to recognize microbes that invade skin easily damaged by UV light
31
Tactile Cells
cells of epidermis; detect touch sensation by contacting tactile disc of sensory neuron
32
Dermis
inner most layer of skin (below epidermis); composed of collagen and elastic fibres
33
Hypodermis
subcutaneous layer (under the skin) of dermis ; anchored to underlying tissues and organs
34
Dermal Papillae
within superficial layer of dermis; increase surface area and project into undersurface of epidermis nerve endings give sensation of warmth, coolness, pain, tickling and itching
35
Deeper layer of dermis
attached to subcutaneous layer; adipose cells, nerves, oil glands, hair follicles and sweat glands are found btw fibres **combo of collagen and elastin which comprises this deeper layer gives skin its strength, extensibility and elasticity
36
Carotene
1/3 pigments that determine skin colour; precursor for vitamin A; yellow-orange; used to synthesize pigments needed for vision
37
Hemoglobin
1/3 pigments that determine skin colour; red; colour comes from # of capillaries and O2 content of blood
38
Arrector Pili
small muscles attached to hair follicles; upon stimulation the muscles contract causing the hair to stand on end
39
Bulb of hair follicle
base of hair follicle; contains many blood vessels which provide nourishment to hair
40
Hair follicle
surrounds root of hair; is surrounded by nerve endings (root hair plexuses) that are sensitive to touch
41
Hair (Pili)
composed of dead keratinized epidermal cells ; contains root (below surface) and shaft (superficial)
42
Sebaceous glands
1/3 types of glands of skin; oil gland | connected to hair follicle and secretes sebum
43
Sebum
secretion of sebaceous gland; prevents hair from drying out and excessive evaporation of water from skin; inhibits bacterial growth
44
Blackheads
result of enlarged sebaceous gland due to accumulation of sebum
45
Acne
inflammation of sebaceous gland
46
Sudoriferous Gland
1/3 types of glands of skin; sweat gland; cells release sweat into hair follicles or onto skin surface via pores
47
Eccrine Gland
type of sudoriferous (sweat) gland; starts functioning right after birth; found throughout body (forehead, palms, soles) functions to regulate body temperature via evaporation produce ~600ml/day composed of water, ions, urea, uric acid, ammonia and lactic acid excretory gland transverses through dermis and epidermis ending in pore
48
Apocrine Gland
type of sudoriferous (sweat) gland; doesn't begin until puberty; odorless milky secretion; contains eccrine sweat, lipids and proteins functions during emotional sweating and sex, NOT for temperature control
49
Ceruminous gland
1/3 types of skin glands; wax gland; in external auditory canal secretes cerumen
50
Cerumen
secreted by ceruminous gland; aka earwax; protects skin from foreign particles, assists in cleaning and lubricating, waterproof
51
Nails
1/3 accessory structures of skin; composed of sheets of tightly packed hard, dead, keratinized cells of epidermis
52
Lunula
white area near root of nail; white due to thick stratum basale layer
53
Nail matrix
area where superficial cells divide via mitosis to produce new nail cells

BHSC 1119 (13 decks)

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