Module 3

Question 1

Anatomical Position

Answer 1

subject stands straight facing observer; eyes are forward, feet are flat and directed forwards, arms are at side with palms facing forward

Question 2

Afferent

Answer 2

towards some reference organ

Question 3

Efferent

Answer 3

away from some reference organ

Question 4

Superior

Answer 4

towards head or upper portion of body

Question 5

Inferior

Answer 5

towards feet or lower portion of body

Question 6

Anterior

Answer 6

nearer to, or at front of body

Question 7

Posterior

Answer 7

nearer to, or at back of body

Question 8

Medial

Answer 8

nearer to midline or sagittal plane

Question 9

Lateral

Answer 9

farther from midline

Question 10

Intermediate

Answer 10

between two structures

Question 11

Ipsilateral

Answer 11

on the same side of body as some structure

Question 12

Contralateral

Answer 12

on the opposite side of body from some structure

Question 13

Proximal

Answer 13

nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk; nearer to point of origin

Question 14

Distal

Answer 14

farther from attachment of limb to the trunk; farther from point of origin

Question 15

Superficial

Answer 15

towards/on the surface

Question 16

Deep

Answer 16

away from the surface of the body

Question 17

Plane

Answer 17

imaginary flat surface that passes through region of body

Question 18

Sagittal plane

Answer 18

vertical plane that divides the body/organ into left and right sides

Question 19

Frontal (coronal) plane

Answer 19

vertical plane that divides the body/organ into front and back (anterior and posterior)

Question 20

Transverse Plane

Answer 20

horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions (superior and inferior)

Question 21

Parasagittal plane

Answer 21

does not run through midline; divides body into UNEQUAL left and right portions

Question 22

Midsagittal plane

Answer 22

vertical plane that runs down midline and divides body into EQUAL left and right halves

Question 23

Oblique Plane

Answer 23

passes through body/organ at an angle between transverse plane and sagittal plane or between transverse plane and frontal plane

Question 24

Section

Answer 24

cut of the body/organ made along one of the planes

Question 25

Dorsal body cavity

Answer 25

1/2 body cavities; contains cranial and vertebral cavity

Question 26

Cranial cavity

Answer 26

part of dorsal cavity; enclosed by cranial bones; contains the brain

Question 27

Vertebral Cavity

Answer 27

part of dorsal cavity; formed by vertebral column; contains spinal cord

Question 28

Thoracic Cavity

Answer 28

part of ventral cavity; the chest; contains pleural cavity, pericardial cavity and mediastinum

Question 29

Pleural cavity

Answer 29

within thoracic cavity; surrounds each lung; serous membrane= pleura

Question 30

Pericardial cavity

Answer 30

within thoracic cavity; surrounds the heart; serous membrane= pericardium

Question 31

Mediastinum

Answer 31

within thoracic cavity; central portion btw lungs; contains heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea and several large blood vessels

Question 32

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Answer 32

part of the ventral cavity; extends from diaphragm to groin; contains abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity organs within this cavity are called VISCERA

Question 33

Ventral Cavity

Answer 33

1/2 body cavities; contains thoracic cavity, and abdominopelvic cavity

Question 34

Abdominal cavity

Answer 34

part of abdominopelvic cavity in ventral body cavity; contains stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, and sm/lg intestines serous membrane= peritoneum

Question 35

Viscera

Answer 35

organs found in the abdominopelvic cavity

Question 36

Pelvic cavity

Answer 36

part of abdominopelvic cavity of ventral body cavity; contains bladder, portion of large intestine, and internal organs of reproduction

Question 37

Serous membrane

Answer 37

covers viscera (organs) within thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities; composed of two layers (parietal and visceral)

Question 38

Parietal layer

Answer 38

layer of serous membrane; lines walls of cavity

Question 39

Visceral layer

Answer 39

layer of serous membrane; covers and adheres to viscera (organs) within cavity

Question 40

Serous fluid

Answer 40

``` found btw visceral and parietal layers of serous membrane; function to reduce friction and allow organs to move and lungs to inflate/deflate ```

Question 41

Right Hypochondriac Region

Answer 41

1/9 abdominopelvic regions; right outer portion; contains portion of right lobe of liver

Question 42

Epigastric Region

Answer 42

1/9 abdominopelvic regions; central region, containing sternum and large portion of stomach and gallbladder, transverse colon of lg intestine, and left lobe of liver

Question 43

Left Hypochondriac Region

Answer 43

1/9 abdominopelvic regions; left outer portion; containing spleen and ribs

Question 44

Right Lumbar Region

Answer 44

1/9 abdominopelvic regions; outer portion below right hypochondriac; contains ascending colon of lg intestine,

Question 45

Umbilical Region

Answer 45

1/9 abdominopelvic regions; central region (where naval is); contains small intestines,

Question 46

Left Lumbar Region

Answer 46

1/9 abdominopelvic regions; outer portion below left hypochondriac; contains descending colon of large intestine

Question 47

Right Iliac (Inguinal) Region

Answer 47

1/9 abdominopelvic regions; below right lumbar; contains cecum and appendix

Question 48

Hypogastric Region

Answer 48

1/9 abdominopelvic regions; pubic region below naval; contains urinary bladder

Question 49

Left Iliac (Inguinal) Region

Answer 49

1/9 abdominopelvic regions; below left lumbar; contains initial part of sigmoid colon (large intestine)