Module 2 (Bones of the Appendicular Skeleton)

Question 1

What is the pectoral girdle

Answer 1

Connects the upper limbs to the axial skeleton
Formed by the clavicle and scapula

Question 2

Features of the clavicle

Answer 2

S-shaped bone, joins the manubrium of the sternum medially (proximally) and the scapula laterally (distally)

Question 3

Landmarks of the clavicle

Answer 3

Sternal end - articulates with manubrium
Acromial end - articulates with the acromioclavicular joint

Question 4

Features of the scapula

Answer 4

Triangular in shape
Anterior surface
Posterior surface
Lateral surface

Question 5

What feature does the anterior surface of the scapula have

Answer 5

Coracoid process
With the acromion, it helps stabilize the shoulder joint

Question 6

Features of the posterior surface of the scapula

Answer 6

Acromion and spine

Question 7

Feature of the lateral surface of the scapula

Answer 7

Glenoid fossa
Articulates with the head of the humerus to contribute to the shoulder joint

Question 8

Humerus

Answer 8

Single bone of the arm
Articulates proximally with the glenoid fossa of scapula
Articulates distally with the radius and ulna to from the elbow joint

Question 9

Landmarks of the humerus

Answer 9

Head
Shaft
Capitulum
Trochlea
Epicondyles
Olecranon fossa

Question 10

Head of the humerus

Answer 10

Round, ball shaped, faces medially that articulates with glenoid fossa

Question 11

What can you fins opposite to the head of the humerus

Answer 11

Two bumps called the lesser and greater tubercles (lateral)

Question 12

What is the anatomical neck of the humerus

Answer 12

Neck of the humerus that is below the head

Question 13

Where is the surgical neck of the humerus

Answer 13

Below the tubercles
Common side for fractures that require surgery

Question 14

What is the shaft of the humerus

Answer 14

Makes up the majority of the bone

Question 15

What is the capitulum of the humerus

Answer 15

Articulates with the radius on the lateral side

Question 16

What is the trochlea of the humerus

Answer 16

Articulates with the ulna on the medial side

Question 17

What are epicondyles

Answer 17

Lateral and medial epicondyles
Upon our capitulum - lateral epicondyle
Upon our trochlea - medial epicondyle

Question 18

What is the olecranon fossa

Answer 18

Depression on the posterior side of the distal humerus
Articulates with the olecranon process of our ulna

Question 19

What two bones make up the forearm

Answer 19

Radius and ulna

Question 20

Anatomical position of radius

Answer 20

Laterally placed (thumb side) with reference to the forearm

Question 21

Parts of the radius

Answer 21

Head (proximal end)
Shaft
Neck
Styloid process (distal end)

Question 22

How to identify the head of the radius

Answer 22

Round disc-shaped
Articulates with the capitulum (distal end) of humerus
Also articulates with the ulna

Question 23

Anatomical position of ulna

Answer 23

Medially placed (little finger side) with reference to the forearm
Looks like a pipe wrench

Question 24

Parts of the ulna

Answer 24

Olecranon and trochlear notch (proximal end)
Shaft
Neck
Head (distal end)
Styloid process

Question 25

What does the proximal end of the ulna articulate with

Answer 25

Distal end of humerus

Question 26

What does the olecranon of the ulna articulate with

Answer 26

Olecranon fossa of humerus

Question 27

How to identify the trochlear notch of ulna

Answer 27

C-shaped depression Interlocks with trochlea of humerus

Question 28

Bones of the wrist and hand

Answer 28

Wrist - 8 carpals (short bones) Palm - 5 metacarpals (long bones) Digits - 14 phalanges (long bones)

Question 29

What is the pelvic girdle

Answer 29

Attaches the lower limbs to the axial skeleton Formed by the hip (innominate) bone

Question 29

What bones does the hip consist of

Answer 29

Ilium, ischium, and pubis

Question 30

Ilium

Answer 30

Largest bone of pelvic girdle Makes up superior portion of pelvic girdle

Question 31

Ischium and pubis

Answer 31

Pubis fuses with ilium and ischium Unites with the other pubic bone at the pubic symphysis

Question 32

What is the pubis symphysis made of

Answer 32

Fibrocartilage

Question 33

Features of the pelvis

Answer 33

Greater sciatic notch Lesser sciatic notch Acetabulum Obturator foreman

Question 34

Where is the greater sciatic notch located

Answer 34

Between the PIIS and the ischial spine

Question 35

What does the greater sciatic notch allow for

Answer 35

Passage of major nerves and vessels from the pelvic cavity into the posterior region of the lower limb

Question 36

Where is the lesser sciatic notch located

Answer 36

Between the ischial spine and the ischial tuberosity

Question 37

What does the lesser sciatic notch allow for

Answer 37

The passage of structure from the pelvic cavity to the genital region

Question 38

What is the acetabulum

Answer 38

Deep curved depression for articulation with the head of femur

Question 39

What is the obturator foreman

Answer 39

Large opening on the anterior and inferior aspect of each pelvic girdle for blood vessels

Question 40

Features of the ilium

Answer 40

Iliac crest Iliac spine Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) Posterior inferior iliac spine (PIIS) Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)

Question 41

Features of the ischium and pubis

Answer 41

Ischial spine Pubic symphysis Ischial tuberoisty

Question 42

Proximal end of femur

Answer 42

Head of femur articulates with the acetabulum of the pelvic girdle forming the hip joint

Question 43

Distal end of femur

Answer 43

Articulates with the tibia and patella forming the knee joint

Question 44

What are the medial and lateral condyles of the femur

Answer 44

Parts of the femur that form the knee joint with the tibia

Question 45

What is the patellar surface

Answer 45

Articular surface on the anterior aspect of the femur and forms a groove for the patella

Question 46

Tibia

Answer 46

Only weight-bearing bone of the leg

Question 47

Features of the tibia

Answer 47

Proximal end - medial and lateral condyles, tibial tuberosity Shaft Distal end - medial malleolus

Question 48

What do the medial and lateral condyles of the tibia articulate with

Answer 48

Medial and lateral condyles of the femur

Question 49

What is the tibial tubersosity

Answer 49

Bump below the knee Point where the patella tendon attaches to the tibia

Question 50

What is the medial malleolus

Answer 50

Distal end of tibia that is the bump on the inside of the ankle

Question 51

Fibula

Answer 51

Does not bear or transfer and weight But the lateral malleolus (distal tip of fibula) provides lateral stability to the ankle joint

Question 52

Features of the fibula

Answer 52

Proximal end - medial head Neck Shaft Distal end - lateral malleolus

Question 53

What does the medial head of the fibula articulate with

Answer 53

Lateral condyle of the tibia

Question 54

What does the lateral malleolus of the fibula articulate with

Answer 54

Lateral talus bone of the foot

Question 55

Bones of the ankle and foot

Answer 55

Ankle - 7 tarsal (short bones) Foot - 5 metatarsals (long bones) Digits - 14 phalanges (long bones)