Module 2 Section 3 - Nucelotides

Question 1

what is a nucelotide

Answer 1

a type of biological molecule which contains:
-pentose sugar
-nitrogenous base
-phosphate group

Question 2

all nucelotides contain what elements

Answer 2

carbon
hydrogen
oxygen
nitrogen
phosphorus

Question 3

why are nucleotide important

Answer 3

-monomers that make up DNA and RNA

Question 4

give an example of a nucleotide

Answer 4

ADP and ATP

Question 5

what is the pentose sugar in a DNA molecule called

Answer 5

deoxyribose

Question 6

what does DNA stand for

Answer 6

deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 7

each DNA nucleotide has the same what

Answer 7

the same sugar and phosphate group

Question 8

what varys on each DNA nucleotide

Answer 8

the base

Question 9

what are the four possible bases

Answer 9

A T C G

Question 10

what does a stand for (base)

Answer 10

adenine

Question 11

what does T stand for (base)

Answer 11

thymine

Question 12

what does C stand for (base)

Answer 12

cytosine

Question 13

what does G stand for (base)

Answer 13

guanine

Question 14

what bases are called purine

Answer 14

adenine and guanine

Question 15

what bases are called pyrimidine

Answer 15

cytosine and thymine

Question 16

what is purine

Answer 16

base that contains 2 carbon-nitrogen rings joined together

Question 17

what is pyrimidine

Answer 17

a base that only has one carbon nitrogen ring

Question 18

what is smaller a purine base or pyrimidine base

Answer 18

pyrimidine bases

Question 19

a molecule of DNA contain two …

Answer 19

polynucleotide chains

Question 20

the sugar in RNA is called ….

Answer 20

ribose

Question 21

what does RNA stand for

Answer 21

ribonucleic acid

Question 22

RNA contains nucleotide with a…

Answer 22

ribose sugar

Question 23

like DNA, an RNA nucleotide contains …

Answer 23

phosphate group and one of the four bases

Question 24

in RNA a pyrimidine base is replaced, what is being replaced with what

Answer 24

uracil (U) replaces thymine as a base

Question 25

an RNA molecule is made of a ......

Answer 25

single polynucleotide chain

Question 26

ADP and ATP are

Answer 26

Phosphorylated nucleotides

Question 27

what do you add to make a phosphorylated nucelotide

Answer 27

you add one or more phosphate groups to it

Question 28

ADP and ATP contain the base what

Answer 28

adenine

Question 29

ADP and ATP contain the sugar what

Answer 29

ribose

Question 30

how many phosphate groups does ADP have

Answer 30

2 phosphate groups

Question 31

how many phosphate groups does ATP have

Answer 31

3 phosphate groups

Question 32

what does ATP provide

Answer 32

energy for chemical reactions in the cell

Question 33

how is ATP syntheisised

Answer 33

synthesised from ADP and inorganic phosphate using energy from an energy releasing reaction

Question 34

where is the energy stored in the nucleotide

Answer 34

in the phosphate bond

Question 35

when energy is needed what happens to ATP

Answer 35

it is broken back down to ADP and inorganic phosphate