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Biochem > Module 3 > Flashcards

Module 3 Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

Isomer

A

Two organic compounds that have the same number of atoms, but different structures

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2
Q

Isomer

A

Two organic compounds that have the same number of atoms, but different structures

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3
Q

Difference between organic and inorganic compounds

A
  • Organic have covalent bonds
  • non polar= hydrophobic
  • Inorganic has ionic bonds
  • polar= hydrophilic
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4
Q

Do non-electrolytes have charges

A

No charge

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5
Q

Organic compounds

A

-Lower melting points
Nonpolar
-London dispersion
Water insoluble

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6
Q

In organic compounds

A

Higher melting point
- Ionic bonds require more energy to break
Water soluble
-Readily dissociate

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7
Q

Hydrocarbons

A

Hydrogen and carbon
-“ like dissolves like”
Nonpolar molecule
Soluble and nonpolar organic solvent

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8
Q

Alkanes

A

Single bond
Pentane

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9
Q

Alkenes

A

Double bond
Ch2= ch2
Hexene

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10
Q

Alkyne

A

Triple bond
_
HC=CH
Pentyne

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11
Q

Hydrocarbon saturation

A

No double or triple bond
-filled of hydrogen
* only alkanes*

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12
Q

Unsaturated hydrocarbons

A

Double or triple bond
Alkenes or alkynes

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13
Q

Molecular formula

A

C3H8

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14
Q

Structural formula

A

H
I
H— C—H
I
H

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15
Q

Condensed formula

A

Ch3ch2ch2ch3

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16
Q

Names

A

1-methane
2-ethane
3-propane
4-butane
5-pentane
6-hexane
7-Heptane
8-octane
9-nonane
10-decane

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17
Q

Cis- isomer

A

Two groups on same side

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18
Q

Trans- isomer

A

Two groups on opposite sides of eachother

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19
Q

Two confirmations of ethane

A

Staggered confirmation and eclipsed confirmation

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20
Q

To confirmations of butane

A

Staggered and eclipsed

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21
Q

Benzene structure

Study These Flashcards
A

Ring C6H6
- trigonal planar 120°

22
Q

Does benzene reaction require a catalyst?

23
Q

Why does alcohol have a high boiling point?

Study These Flashcards
A

Because it’s the increase of hydrogen bonding creates higher temperatures

24
Q

Components of alcohols

Study These Flashcards
A

Polar
Soluble in water
Hydrophilic

25
What determines solubility of alcohol?
The ratio of hydroxyl groups to carbons in the chain
26
Methanol components
Colorless odorless liquid Used as a solvent Used as fuel
27
And then all components
Alcoholic beverages Fermentation of carbohydrates
28
Oxidation
Loss of electrins - gain of O2 Loss in H+
29
Reduction
Gain of electrons - loss of H+ - gain in O2
30
Reduction
Gain of electrons - loss of O2 - gain in H+
31
Oxidation of tertiary alcohols
No reaction
32
What is NAD+ for?
Enzyme commonly involved in biological oxidation reduction reactions
33
What is NAD+ for?
Enzyme commonly involved in biological oxidation reduction reactions
34
Phenols
hydroxyl group attached - polar
35
Ethers
R-O-R -oCh3 = methoxy
36
Aldehydes and keytones
Polar compounds Cannot form hydrogen bonds
37
Naming aldehydes
Methanal Butanal
38
What do aldehydes oxidize to?
Carboxylic acids
39
Tollens test
Smooth silver mirror
40
Benedict’s test
Only reacts with aldehydes Turns into red brick color
41
Carboxylic acids
Two very polar functional groups Ethanoic acid
42
Naming esters
O II CH3CH2CH2C- OCH2CH3 First portion: butanoix acid Second potion: ethyl - ethyl botanic acid
43
Hydrolysis of Esther
A bond broken by the addition of a water molecule
44
Polyesters
Condensation polymers
45
Anhydride
Without water
46
Formation of acid anhydrides
R1cooh + HOCOR2 = h20+ R1COO-COR2
47
Phosphoester
Phosphoric acid reacts with alcohols to produce phosphate Ester
48
Acetyl coenzyme A
Activates acyl groups to produce thioester
49
Naming amides
Methanamide N-methylethanamide Propanamide
50
Naming amines
Ch3-NH2 Methylamine

Biochem (8 decks)

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