Module 3 - Respiratory System

Question 1

Which lung has 3 lobes?

Answer 1

Right Lung

Question 2

Which lung has 2 lobes?

Answer 2

Left Lung (because of the heart)

Question 3

What is breathing (ventilation)?

Answer 3

moving air in and out of the lungs

Question 4

What is external respiration?

Answer 4

gas exchange between air and blood in the lungs

Question 5

How did the air from the room get into the blood in the lungs?

Answer 5

External Respiration

Question 6

What is internal respiration?

Answer 6

gas exchange between blood and tissues

Question 7

How did the oxygen in the RBC travel to the muscles?

Answer 7

Internal Respiration

Question 8

What is cellular respiration?

Answer 8

using oxygen to produce energy (ATP) and the byproduct is carbon dioxide

Question 9

What are some functions of nose & pharynx? (6)

Answer 9

– Passageway for respiration
– Receptors for smell
– Filters large particles from air
– Moistens incoming air
– Warms incoming air
– Resonating chamber for voice

Question 10

What is part of the Larynx?

Answer 10

Epiglottis and Vocal cords

Question 11

What is the flexible flap of cartilage that routes food and air properly?

Answer 11

Epiglottis

Question 12

What do vocal cords assist in?

Answer 12

assist in sound production

Question 13

T/F: oxygen passes in this order:
1.Pharynx 2.Larynx 3.Trachea

Answer 13

TRUE

Question 14

What makes up the upper respiratory tract? (5)

Answer 14

nose/nostrils, nasal cavity, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx

Question 15

What makes up the lower respiratory tract? (4)

Answer 15

trachea, bronchus (bronchi), bronchial tree (bronchioles), alveoli

Question 16

Where does air go when it travels through the windpipe/trachea?

Answer 16

lungs

Question 17

Each lung is enclosed in ____ layers of ____ _____.

Answer 17

two layers of pleural membranes

Question 18

The space between pleural membranes (pleural cavity) contains fluid that does what?

Answer 18

decreases friction when the lungs move

Question 19

What are alveoli?

Answer 19

microscopic air-filled sacs where gas exchange occurs

Question 20

T/F: Alveoli have enormous surface area that allows for more gas exchange in a small space.

Answer 20

TRUE

Question 21

Where does gas exchange occur?

Answer 21

alveoli

Question 22

What is wrapped around alveoli?

Answer 22

Blood Vessel: Capillary

Question 23

Explain the process of the gas exchange in the alveoli?
*alveoli, gas, capilary, blood (RBC), CO2, lungs, trachea, mouth

Answer 23

alveoli does a gas exchange with capillary
capillary has blood (RBC) in it
RBC picks up oxygen and drops off CO2
CO2 goes from the alveoli -> lungs -> trachea -> out the mouth
exhale gets rid of the CO2 (waste)

Question 24

Lungs receive deoxygenated blood from __________?

Answer 24

The right ventricle of the heart.

Question 25

What kind of capillaries bring blood to the alveoli?

Answer 25

Pulmonary capillaries

Question 26

Oxygenated blood from the alveolar capillaries travel to ____ ____ of the ____ for distribution throughout the whole body.

Answer 26

left side of the heart

Question 27

What is tidal volume?

Answer 27

volume of air inhaled and exhaled in 1 breath

Question 28

What is vital capacity?

Answer 28

maximal volume that can be exhaled after maximal inhalation

Question 29

What is Expiratory reserve volume?

Answer 29

Volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled beyond the tidal volume

Question 30

What is residual volume?

Answer 30

volume of air remaining in the lungs even after a forceful maximal expiration

Question 31

How is residual volume measured?

Answer 31

spirometer

Question 32

98% of oxygen in blood is carried bound to ___________ molecules in red blood cells.

Answer 32

Hemoglobin

Question 33

What results after spasmodic contraction of bronchi?

Answer 33

Asthma - chronic inflammatory disease of the airways in the lungs - causes swelling and narrowing of the airways, often accompanied by excessive mucus production

Question 34

What disease is an inherited condition where abnormally thick mucus in lungs impedes air flow?

Answer 34

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 35

What disease is a bacterial infection that scars the lungs?

Answer 35

Tuberculosis – Diagnosis: tuberculin skin test and chest x-ray – Treatment: antibiotics

Question 36

Describe COPD in 2 sentences.

Answer 36

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a lung disease known by chronic poor air flow the person usually has shortness of breath and a cough that produces phlegm. This disease gets worse over time and eventually impedes the person from doing everyday tasks.