Module 3.1

Question 1

Pain threshold

Answer 1

The level of stimulus needed to produce the perception of pain
Physical response to pain

Question 2

Pain tolerance

Answer 2

Amount of pain, a client cam endure without interfering with normal function
Physiological element

Question 3

Acute pain

Answer 3

Intense and sudden onset
Usually subside once treated
Usually sharp, localized and physicallogical response (increased heart rate increase blood pressure)

Question 4

Persistent, chronic pain

Answer 4

3 to 6 months
Dull long lasting aching
Persistent or recurring
Difficult to treat

Question 5

Noviceptive pain =

Answer 5

Injury to tissues

Question 6

Sharp and localized pain in the skeletal muscles ligaments and joints

Answer 6

Somatic

Question 7

Dull and throbbing pain in internal organs and smooth muscles

Answer 7

Visceral

Question 8

Skin and mucous membranes

Answer 8

Superficial

Question 9

Tissues below the skin

Answer 9

Deep

Question 10

Vascular or pre-vascular tissues ( migraines )

Answer 10

Vascular

Question 11

Origin of pain is referred to another site

Answer 11

Referred pain

Question 12

Injury to nerves may be unexplained feels like burning, shooting or numb pain

Answer 12

Neuropathic pain

Question 13

Pain in a body part that is not been removed feels like burning itching, tingling or stabbing

Answer 13

Phantom pain

Question 14

Can be acute or chronic often results from the pressure of a tumour or a mass against nerves, organs, or tissues

Answer 14

Cancer pain

Question 15

Can be acute or chronic often results from the pressure of a tumour or a mass against nerves, organs, or tissues

Answer 15

Cancer pain

Question 16

Occurs with tumours trauma information or disease that affects the CNS tissues

Answer 16

Central pain

Question 17

Gate theory

Answer 17

1) transduction ( touch, hot stove)
2) transmission( finger singles, spinal cord then brain )
3) perception ( what should I do?)
4) Modulation (move my hand)

Question 18

True or false can the gate theory be altered at any point?

Answer 18

True

Question 19

What are pain receptors called?

Answer 19

Nociceptors

Question 20

Opiate versus opioid

Answer 20

Opiate or natural opiates, containing or delivered from opium they’re extracted from unripe poppy seeds
Opioids synthetic or partly synthetic. Also referred to as narcotics.

Question 21

Adjuvant drug

Answer 21

Assist primary drugs relieving pain

Question 22

Analgesic

Answer 22

A drug to relieve pain
Opiates
Non-opiates
NSAIDS

Question 23

Non pharmacological

Answer 23

Ice
Splitting
Physio

Question 24

Three steps to the analgesic ladder

Answer 24

Step one
Non-opiates like Tylenol
Step two
Opiates with, or without non-opiates
Tylenol with with T threes Codeine
Step three
Opiates for more severe pain
Morphine and fentanyl

Question 25

Opioid agonist

Answer 25

Term used to describe all substances both synthetic or natural that bind to opium receptors in the brain Oxytocin fentanyl Causes an analgesic response reduces pain

Question 26

Opioid agonist—— antagonist

Answer 26

Bind the pain receptors and cause a weaker response Talwin

Question 27

Opioid antagonist ( nonanalegsic )

Answer 27

Blocks receptors Narcan

Question 28

Hydromorphine

Answer 28

Hydromorphine is 7-8 times stronger then regular morphine

Question 29

Morphine is delivered from

Answer 29

Opium, poppies

Question 30

Do not use morphine and patience with what impairment

Answer 30

Kidney

Question 31

Miosis ( pinpoint pupils ) O(orthostatic hypotension) P ( physical dependency) H (histamine release) I ( increased ICP) N ( nausea) E (euphoria) S( sedation)

Answer 31

Morphine adverse effects

Question 32

How potent is fentanyl versus morphine

Answer 32

0:1 fentanyl is equal to 10 morphine

Question 33

Combination drugs

Answer 33

Opie in a non-opioid in one tablet Lowers the doses of the opiate Reduces the risk of dependency Reduce the side effects

Question 34

Caffeine increases, or decreases, absorption and distribution

Answer 34

Increased

Question 35

Other uses for opiates rather than pain

Answer 35

Cough centred ( codeine) Severe, uncontrolled diarrhea

Question 36

Opioid analgesics ( contraindication)

Answer 36

Severe, asthma, or other respiratory I head injury Obesity and sleep apena Pregnancy Paralytic ileus

Question 37

Opioid adverse effects

Answer 37

Resp destres Constipation Hypotension Palpitations Rash and itching Pinpoint pupils Urinary retention

Question 38

What to do in opioid overdose (2 things )

Answer 38

Bvm Naloxne

Question 39

Naloxne drops what

Answer 39

Your bp

Question 40

Signs of a overdose

Answer 40

Blue lips, or nails Dizziness and confusion Can’t be woken up Choking, gargling, or snoring sounds Slow week or no breathing Drowsiness or difficulty staying awake

Question 41

Naloxone reverses what

Answer 41

Respiratory distress and pain control And binds to opiate receptors to prevent a response

Question 42

Acetaminophen can cause what kind of toxicity

Answer 42

Hepatotoxicicty

Question 43

The 2 effects Acetaminophin gives

Answer 43

Analgesic (pain ) Antipyretic ( reduce fever)

Question 44

What drug blocks pain impulses, peripherally by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis

Answer 44

Acetaminophen

Question 45

What drug can lead to Reyes syndrome in children

Answer 45

Aspirin

Question 46

What is the first choice of drug and children and adolescents with flu symptoms?

Answer 46

Acetaminophen Tylenol

Question 47

Maximum daily dose for an adult of acetaminophen

Answer 47

4000mg Extra strength is 500 MG per tablet

Question 48

Antidote for acetaminophen

Answer 48

Acetylcysteine ( mucomyst) Within 10 hours

Question 49

When not to take acetaminophen

Answer 49

Literally do not take it if you have any liver issues made clear in the notes 4 different times Or taking any hepatotoxic drugs Don’t fuck with Tylenol if you have liver problems