Module 4: Ch. 10 Flashcards

Question

neutr/o

Answer 1

neither; neutral

Answer 2

putrefying

Answer 3

whey, serum

Answer 4

small vessel

Answer 5

it is a specialized bodily fluids that delivers necessary substances to the body's cells (oxygen, foods, salts, hormones) and transports waste products (carbon dioxide, urea, lactic acid) away from those same cells

Answer 6

1) . transport proteins and fluids, lost by capillary seepage, back to the bloodstream 2) . protect the body against pathogens by phagocytosis and immune response 3) . serve as a pathway for the absorption of fat from the small intestines into the bloodstream

Answer 7

major site of erythrocyte (red blood cell) destruction; serves as a reservoir for blood; acts as a filter, removing microorganisms from the blood

Answer 8

filter bacteria and aid in the formation of white blood cells

Answer 9

plays essential role in the formation of antibodies and the development of the immune response in the newborn; manufactures infection – fighting T cells and helps distinguish normal T cells from those that attack the body's own tissue

Answer 10

a red blood cell that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide

Answer 11

a platelet that clots blood

Answer 12

a white blood cell; it provides body's main defense against invasion of pathogens * ** types of leukocytes: a) neutrophil b) eosinophil c) basophil d) monocyte e) lymphocyte

Answer 13

protects against infection,especially by bacteria; is readily attracted to foreign antigens and destroys them by phagocytosis

Answer 14

destroys parasitic organisms; plays a key role in allergic reactions

Answer 15

plays a key role in releasing histamine and other chemicals that act on blood vessels; essential to nonspecific immune response to inflammation

Answer 16

provides one of the first lines of defense in the inflammatory process, phagocytosis

Answer 17

provides immune capacity to body

Answer 18

identifies foreign antigens and differentiates into antibody – producing plasma cells

Answer 19

plays essential role in the specific immune response of the body

Answer 20

a complex process by which blood forms clots

Answer 21

a classification system for human blood that identifies four major blood types (A, B, AB, and O; in which O designates blood that lacks both antigens) are important in determining the compatibility of blood for transfusion

Answer 22

an antigen occurring on the red cells of many blood cells

Answer 23

1. albumin 2. globulin 3. fibrinogen 4. prothrombin

Answer 24

a vessel system apart from, but connected to, the circulatory system; it returns fluids from tissue spaces to the bloodstream

Answer 25

a clear, colorless, alkaline fluid that is about 95% water

Answer 26

part of the defense mechanism of the body; it consists of the tissues, organs, and physiological processes used by the body to identify and protect against abnormal cells, foreign substances, and foreign tissue cells that may have been transplanted into the body

Answer 27

the state of being immune to or protected from a disease, especially an infectious disease

Answer 28

acquired through transfer of antibodies or activated T-cells from an immune host, and is short-lived, usually lasting only a few months

Answer 29

it is induced in the host itself by antigen, and lasts much longer, sometimes lifelong

Answer 30

the aspect of community that is mediated by secreted antibodies

Answer 31

provides protection involving T-lymphocytes alone

Answer 32

the reaction of the body to foreign substances and the means by which it protects the body

Answer 33

a.k.a. humoral immunity, involves the production of plasma lymphocytes (B cells) in response to antigen exposure with subsequent formation

Answer 34

developed in response to a specific antigen; also referred to as an immunoglobulin

Answer 35

also known as cell – mediated immunity, it involves the production of lymphocytes (T cells) and NK (natural killer) cells that are capable of attacking foreign cells, normal cells infected with viruses, and cancer cells

Answer 36

(thymus dependent); their function is to provide cellular immunity

Answer 37

(bone marrow-derived); they provide humoral immunity

Answer 38

(natural killers); they attack foreign cells, normal cells infected with viruses, and cancer cells

Answer 39

AIDS is a disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which is transmitted through sexual contact, exposure to infected blood or blood components, and perinatally from mother to infant

Answer 40

agglutinat -ion clumping = process process of clumping together, as of blood cells that are incompatible

Answer 41

one of a group of simple proteins found in blood plasma and serum

Answer 42

all -ergy other = work an individual hypersensitivity to a substance that is usually harmless

Answer 43

ana- -phylaxis up = protection unusual or exaggerated allergic reaction to foreign proteins or other substances; it can occur suddenly, be life-threatening, and affect the whole body

Answer 44

an- -emia lack of = blood condition literally a lack of red blood cells, it is a reduction in the number of circulating red blood cells, the amount of the hemoglobin, or the volume of packed red cells (hematocrit)

Answer 45

anis/o cyt -osis unequal = cell = condition condition in which the erythrocytes are unequal in size and shape

Answer 46

anti- coagul -ant against = clots = forming substance that works against the formation of blood clots; a class of medication used in certain patients to prevent blood from clotting

Answer 47

condition in which the body's immune system becomes defective and produces antibodies against itself

Answer 48

coagul -able to clot = capable capable of forming a clot

Answer 49

blood cell

Answer 50

blood clot carried in the bloodstream; a mass of undissolved matter present in a blood or lymphatic vessel and brought there by the blood or lymph current

Answer 51

erythr/o -blast red = immature cell immature red blood cell that is found only in bone marrow and still contains a nucleus

Answer 52

erythr/o -cyte red = cell mature red blood cell that does not contain a nucleus

Answer 53

``` extra vas(at) -ion beyond = vessel = process ``` process by which fluids and/or medications (IVs) escape from the blood vessel into surrounding tissue

Answer 54

globul -in globe = chemical plasma protein found in body fluids and cells

Answer 55

hemat/o -crit blood = to separate blood test that separates solids from plasma in the blood by centrifuging the blood sample

Answer 56

hemat/o log ist blood = study of = one who specializes literally means one who specializes in the study of the blood; physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of blood diseases

Answer 57

hemat -Oma blood = mass, fluid collection collection of blood that has escaped from a blood vessel into the surrounding tissues

Answer 58

hem/o chromat -osis blood = color = condition genetic disease condition in which iron is not metabolized properly and accumulates in body tissues

Answer 59

hem/o -globin blood = globe, protein blood protein; the iron-containing pigment of red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues

Answer 60

hem/o lysis blood = destruction destruction of red blood cells

Answer 61

hem/o -philia blood = attraction hereditary blood disease characterized by prolonged coagulation and tendency to bleed

Answer 62

hem/o -rrhage | blood = bursting forth

Answer 63

hem/o -stasis blood = control, stop, stand still control or stopping of bleeding

Answer 64

natural substance found in the liver, lungs, and other body tissues that inhibits blood clotting (anticoagulant)

Answer 65

hypo- glyc -emia deficient = sweet, sugar = blood condition condition of deficient amounts of sugar in the blood; low blood sugar

Answer 66

hyp- -oxia deficient = oxygen deficient amount of oxygen in the blood, cells, tissues; also known as anoxia and hypoxemia

Answer 67

malignant neoplasm that causes violaceous (violet-colored) vascular lesions and general lymphadenopathy (diseased lymph nodes); it is the most common AIDS-related tumor

Answer 68

leuk/a -pheresis white = removal separation of white blood cells from the blood, which are then transfused back into the patient

Answer 69

leuk -emia white = blood condition disease of the blood characterized by overproduction of leukocytes

Answer 70

leuk/o -cyte white = cell white blood cell

Answer 71

clear, colorless, alkaline fluid found in the lymphatic vessels

Answer 72

lymph -edema lymph = swelling abnormal accumulation of lymph in the interstitial spaces

Answer 73

protozoal (PCP or toxoplasmosis), fungal/yeast (candidiasis), viral (herpes simplex), or bacterial (TB) infection that occurs when the immune system is compromised; AIDS patients are very vulnerable to these types of infections

Answer 74

phag/o cyt -osis eat, engulf = cell = condition engulfing and eating of particulate substances such as the bacteria, protozoa, cells and cell debris, dust particles, and colloids by phagocytes (leukocytes or macrophages)

Answer 75

fluid part of the blood

Answer 76

plasma -pheresis a thing formed, plasma = removal removal of blood from the body and centrifuging it to separate the plasma from the blood and reinfusing the cellular elements back into the patient

Answer 77

poly- cyt hem -ia many = cell = blood = condition increased number of red blood cells

Answer 78

septic -emia putrefying = blood condition pathological condition in which bacteria are present in the blood

Answer 79

ser/o -culture whey, serum = cultivation bacterial culture of blood

Answer 80

ser(a) -um whey, serum = tissue blood serum is the clear, thin, sticky fluid part of the blood that remains after blood clots

Answer 81

sider/o -penia iron = lack of lack of iron in the blood

Answer 82

a bone marrow cell that gives rise to different types of blood cells

Answer 83

thromb -in clot = chemical blood enzyme that converts fibrinogen into fibrin

Answer 84

thromb/o -cyte clot = cell clotting cell; a blood platelet

Answer 85

trans- fus -ion across = to pour = process process by which blood is transferred from one individual to the vein of another

Answer 86

vascul -itis small vessel = inflammation inflammation of a lymph or blood vessel

Answer 87

puncture of the earlobe or forearm to determine the time required for blood to stop flowing

Answer 88

blood test that includes a hematocrit, hemoglobin, red and white blood cell count, and differential

Answer 89

test performed on whole blood to determine the number of erythrocytes present; increased and/or increased amounts can indicate certain disease conditions

Answer 90

blood test to determine the number of leukocytes present

Answer 91

blood groups

Answer 92

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Answer 93

complete blood count

Answer 94

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Answer 95

enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Answer 96

hemolytic disease of the newborn

Answer 97

immunoglobulin

Answer 98

intravenous

Answer 99

Kaposi's sarcoma

Answer 100

milliliter

Answer 101

natural killer (cells)

Answer 102

red blood count

Answer 103

tuberculosis

Answer 104

white blood count

Module 4: Ch. 10 Flashcards

(137 cards)