Module 4: Ch. 12 Flashcards
(113 cards)
0
Q
bacter/i
A
bacteria
1
Q
albumin/o
A
protein
2
Q
calc/i
A
calcium
3
Q
col/o
A
colon
4
Q
corpor/e
A
body
5
Q
cutan/e
A
skin
6
Q
cyst/o
A
bladder
7
Q
excret/o
A
sifted out
8
Q
glomerul/o
A
glomerulus, little ball
9
Q
glycos/o
A
glucose, sugar
10
Q
hem/o
A
blood
11
Q
hemat/o
A
blood
12
Q
keton/o
A
ketone
13
Q
lith/o
A
stone
14
Q
meat/o
A
passage
15
Q
micturit/o
A
to urinate
16
Q
nephr/o
A
kidney
17
Q
noct/o
A
night
18
Q
perine/o
A
perineum
19
Q
periton/e
A
peritoneum
20
Q
py/o
A
pus
21
Q
pyel/o
A
renal pelvis
22
Q
ren/o
A
kidney
23
Q
scler/o
A
hardening
24
son/o
sound
25
ur/o
urine, urinate, urination
26
ureter/o
ureter
27
urethr/o
urethra
28
urin/o
urine
29
kidneys
purplish-brown bean-shaped organs located behind the abdominal cavity on either side of he spine between thoracic vertebrae; function is to produce urine and help regulate and control body fluids
30
ureters
function is to transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder
31
urinary bladder
serves as a reservoir for urine
32
urethra
passageway of urine to the outside of the body; in the male conveys both urine and semen
33
nephrons
the structural and functional units of the organ
34
renal corpuscle
also called malpighian body, filtration unit of vertebrate nephrons, functional units of the kidney
35
tubule
a tube connected to an anatomical structure
36
glomerulus
a tuft of blood vessels surrounded by the Bowman's capsule
37
Bowman's capsule
a cup-like sac at the beginning of the tubular component of a nephron in the kidney that performs the first step in the filtration of blood to form urine
38
albuminuria
albumin -uria
protein = urine
indicates the presence of serum protein in the urine
39
antidiuretic
anti- di(a)- uret -ic
against = through = urine = pertaining to
pertaining to a medications that decreases urine production and secretion
40
anuria
an- -uria
without = urine
literally means without the formation of urine; lack of urine production
41
calculus
pebble; any abnormal concretion
42
cystectomy
cyst -ectomy
bladder = surgical excision
surgical excision of the bladder or part of he bladder
43
cystitis
cyst -itis
bladder = inflammation
inflammation of the bladder, usually occuring secondarily to ascending urinary tract infections
44
cystocele
cyst/o -cele
bladder = hernia
hernia of the bladder that protrudes into the vagina
45
cystodynia
cyst/o -dynia
bladder = pain
pain in the bladder; commonly called cystalgia
46
cystoscope
cyst/o -scope
bladder = instrument for measuring
medical instrument used for visual examination of the bladder
47
dialysis
dia- -lysis
through = destruction, to separate
medical procedure to separate waste material from the blood and to maintain fluid, electrolyte! and acid-base balance in impaired kidney function or in the absence of the kidney
48
diuresis
di(a) b ur -esis
through = urinate = condition
pathological condition of increased or excessive flow of urine
49
dysuria
dys- -uria
difficult, painful = urine
difficult or painful urination
50
edema
pathological condition in which the body tissues contain an accumulation of fluids
51
enuresis
en- ur -esis
within = urine = condition
condition of involuntary emission of urine; bedwetting
52
excretory
excretor -y
sifted out = pertaining to
pertaining to the elimination of waste products from the body
53
glomerular
glomerul -ar
little ball = pertaining to
literally means pertaining to the glomerulus; a tuft blood vessels located within the Bowman's capsule that permit a greater surface area for filtration
54
glomerulitis
inflammation of the renal glomeruli
55
glycosuria
glycos -uria
glucose, sugar = urine
presence of glucose in the urine
56
hematuria
hemat -uria
blood = urine
presence of red blood cells (erythrocytes) in the urine
57
hypercalciuria
hyper- calci -uria
excessive = calcium = urine
excessive amount of calcium in the urine
58
incontinence
in- continence
not = to hold
inability to hold or control urination or defecation
59
interstitial cystitis (IC)
chronically irritable and painful inflammation of the bladder wall
60
ketonuria
keton -uria
ketone = urine
presence of ketones in the urine resulting from breakdown of fats due to faulty carbohydrate metabolism
61
lithotripsy
lith/o -tripsy
stone = crushing
crushing of a kidney stone
62
meatus
opening or passage; the external opening of the urethra
63
nephritis
nephr -itis
kidney = inflammation
inflammation of the kidney
64
nephrocystitis
nephr/o cyst -itis
kidney = bladder = inflammation
inflammation of the bladder and the kidney
65
nephrolith
nephr/o -lith
kidney = stone
kidney stone; usually deposits of mineral salts, called calculi, in the kidney
66
nephroma
nephr -oma
kidney = tumor
kidney tumor
67
nephron
basic structural and functional unit of the kidney
68
nephrosclerosis
nephr/o scler -osis
kidney = hardening = condition
condition of hardening of the kidney
69
nocturia
noct -uria
night = urine
urination during the night
70
oliguria
olig- -uria
scanty = urine
scanty, decreased amount of urine
71
periurethral
peri- urethr -al
around = urethra = pertaining to
literally means pertaining to around the urethra; the immediate area surrounding the urethra
72
polyuria
poly- -uria
excessive = urine
literally means excessive secretion and discharge of urine; frequent urination
73
pyelocystitis
pyel/o cyst -itis
renal pelvis = bladder = inflammation
inflammation of the bladder and renal pelvis
74
pyelonephritis
pyel/o nephr -itis
renal pelvis = kidney = inflammation
inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis; it is usually caused by bacteria entering the kidneys from the bladder
75
pyuria
py -uria
pus = urine
pus in the urine
76
renin
an enzyme produced by the kidney that stimulates vasoconstriction and secretion of aldosterone
77
residual urine
urine that is left in the bladder after urination
78
specimen
sample of tissue, blood, urine, or other material intended to show the nature of the whole
79
stricture
strict -ure
to tighten, contraction = process
abnormal narrowing of a duct or passage such as the esophagus, ureter, or urethra
80
urea
chief nitrogenous constituent of urine
81
uremia
ur -emia
urine = blood condition
excess of urea, creatinine, and other nitrogenous end products of protein and amino acid metabolism accumulated in the blood
82
urethralgia
urethr -algia
urethra = pain
pain in the urethra
83
urgency
sudden need to urinate
84
uric acid
end product of purine metabolism; common component of urinary and renal stones
85
urinalysis (UA)
analysis of urine; separating of the urine for examination to determine the presence of abnormal elements
86
urine
fluid secreted by the kidneys, transported by the ureters, stored in the bladder, and voided through the urethra
87
urobilin
ur/o bil -in
urination = bile = chemical
brown pigment formed by the oxidation of urobilinogen; may be formed in the urine after exposure to air
88
urochrome
pigment that gives the urine the normal yellow
89
void
to empty the bladder
90
AGN
acute glomerulonephritis
91
ARF
acute renal failure
92
BUN
blood urea nitrogen
93
CGN
chronic glomerulonephritis
94
cm
centimeter
95
CRF
chronic renal failure
96
ESRD
end – stage renal disease
97
GFR
glomerular filtration rate
98
GU
genitourinary
99
H
hydrogen
100
HCO3
bicarbonate
101
HD
hemodialysis
102
K
potassium
103
KUB
kidney, ureter, bladder
104
LOC
level of consciousness
105
Na
sodium
106
NaCl
sodium chloride
107
NH3
ammonia
108
pH
hydrogen ion concentration
109
PKU
phenylketonuria
110
UA
urine analysis
111
UG
urogenital
112
UTI
urinary tract infection
