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Anatomy > Module 4D: Appendicular lower > Flashcards

Module 4D: Appendicular lower Flashcards

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1
Q

How many lower limbs muscles are there in the pelvic area?

A

2

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2
Q

What are the 2 muscles in the lower limbs pelvic area?

A
  • Psoas Major
  • Iliacus
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3
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Psoas Major?

A

O: transverse processes and bodies of lumbar vertebrae

I: lesser trochanter of femur

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4
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Iliacus?

A

O: iliac fossa

I: lesser trochanter of femur

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5
Q

What is the combined name of the psoas major and iliacus muscles together?

A

ilipsoas muscle

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6
Q

Where is the psoas major found?

A

deep to quadratus lumborum

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7
Q

True or False
The psoas major and iliacus are the most powerful flexors of the thigh

A

True

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8
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Tensor Fascia Latae (TFL)

A

O: crest of ilium (lateral aspect)

I: iliotibial band (to knee)

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9
Q

What is the Fascia Lata?

A

a thick layer of deep fascia in the thigh and gluteal region

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10
Q

What is the iliotibial band/tract (IT band)

A

thickening of fascia lata on lateral side of thigh for tract/band

  • muscles insert into tract
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11
Q

How many gluteal muscles are there?

A

3

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12
Q

What are the 3 muscles in the gluteal region?

A
  1. Gluteus maximus
  2. Gluteus medius
  3. Gluteus minimus
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13
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Gluteus maximus?

A

O: sacrum, gluteal surface of ilium

I: gluteal tuberosity of femur 1/4, iliotibial band 3/4

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14
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Gluteus medius?

A

O: gluteal surface of ilium

I: greater trochanter of femur

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15
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Gluteus minimus?

A

O: gluteal surface of ilium

I: greater trochanter of femur

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16
Q

True or False
All gluteal muscles are important in stabilizing hips during walking/running

A

True

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17
Q

True or False
The gluteal muscles can be associated with an increased risk of lower back pain

A

True

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18
Q

How many muscles are there in the ANTERIOR thigh?

A

5

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19
Q

What are the 5 muscles in the ANTERIOR thigh?

A
  1. Sartorius
  2. Rectus femoris
  3. Vastus medialis
  4. Vastus intermedius
  5. Vastus lateralis
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20
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the Sartorius muscle?

A

O: anterior superior iliac spine

I: medial side of tibia

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21
Q

Which 4 muscles of the 5 anterior thigh muscles are part of the quadriceps femoris group?

A
  1. Rectus femoris
  2. Vastus medialis
  3. Vastus intermedius
  4. Vastus lateralis
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22
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the rectus femoris? (RF)

A

O: anterior inferior iliac spine

I: patella

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23
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the vastus medialis?

A

O: medial aspect of femur

I: patella

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24
Q

What is the Origin and Insertion of the vastus intermedius?

A

O: anterior surface of the femur

I: patella

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25
What is the Origin and Insertion of the vastus lateralis?
O: lateral aspect of femur I: patella
26
How many muscles are there in the medial thigh?
5
27
What are the 5 muscles that make up the medial thigh?
1. Adductor Magnus (AM) 2. Adductor Longus (AL) 3. Adductor Brevis (AB) 4. Pectineus (P) 5. Gracilis (G)
28
What is the Origin and Insertion of the Adductor Longus?
O: pubis (near pubis symphysis) I: linea aspera of femur
29
What is the Origin and Insertion of the Adductor Magnus?
O: pubis, ramus of ischium, ischial tuberosity I: Posterior shaft of femur
30
What is the Origin and Insertion of the Adductor brevis?
O: pubis I: upper 1/3 of linea aspera of femur
31
What is the Origin and Insertion of the Pectineus?
O: pubis I: pectineal line (spiral line) of femur
32
What is the Origin and Insertion of the Gracilis?
O: pubis I: medial side of tibia
33
How many muscles are in the POSTERIOR thigh group? (Hamstring)
3
34
What are the muscles that make up the hamstring?
1. Biceps femoris (BF) 2. Semitendinousus (ST) 3. Semimembranosus (SM)
35
What is the Origin and Insertion of the Bicep Femoris muscle?
O: - Long head: ischial tuberosity - Short head: posterior lateral side of femur I: head of the fibula
36
What is the Origin and Insertion of the Semitendinousus muscle?
O: ischial tuberosity I: medial side of tibia
37
What is the Origin and Insertion of the Semimembranosus muscle?
O: ischial tuberosity I: medial side of tibia
38
What muscle is found on the posterior side of the knee?
Popliteus
39
What is the Origin and Insertion of the popliteus muscle?
O: just above lateral femoral condyle I: upper posterior surface of tibia
40
What are the 3 general rules about the leg muscles?
1. Posterior muscles primarily perform planter flexion 2. Anterior muscles primarily perform dorsi flexion 3. Lateral group muscles actions will depend on whether they insert on the top or the bottom of the foot
41
How many muscles are part of the superficial posterior leg muscles?
3
42
What are the 3 superficial POSTERIOR muscles?
1. Gastroncnemius 2. Plantaris 3. Soleus
43
What is the Origin and Insertion of the Gastroncnemius?
O: just above medial and lateral condyles of the femur I: calcaneus via calcaneal/achillies tendon
44
What is the Origin and Insertion of the Plantaris?
O: just above lateral femoral condyles of the femur I: calcaneus via calcaneal/achillies tendon
45
Where is the plantaris found?
deep to the gastrocnemius
46
What is the Origin and Insertion of the Soleus?
O: posterior surface of fibula and tibia I: calcaneus via calcaneal/achillies tendon
47
Where is the soleus found?
deep to the gastrocnemius
48
What are the 3 deep POSTERIOR muscles?
1. Tibialis posterior (TP) 2. Flexor Digitorum Longus (FDL) 3. Flexor Hallucis Longus (FHL)
49
What is the Origin and Insertion of the Flexor Digitorum Longus (FDL)?
O: posterior surface of tibia I: distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits (2-5)
50
What is the Origin and Insertion of the Flexor Hallucis Longus (FHL)?
O: posterior inferior surface of fibula I: a distal phalanx of the big toe (hallux, 1)
51
What is the Origin and Insertion of the Tibialis posterior (TP)?
O: posterior tibia, fibula, interosseus membrane I: broad attachment on planter surface of foot
52
What are the 4 Anterior muscles of the leg?
1. Tibialis anterior (TA) 2. Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL) 3. Extensor Hallucis Longus (EHL) 4. Fibularis (Peroneus) Tertius (FT)
53
What is the Origin and Insertion of the Tibialis anterior (TA)?
O: Anterior upper shaft of tibia I: Base of 1st metatarsal, medial cuneiform
54
What is the Origin and Insertion of the Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL)?
O: lateral condyle of tibia, fibula, interosseous membrane I: dorsal expansion on lateral four toes (2-5)
55
What is the Origin and Insertion of the Extensor Hallucis Longus (EHL)?
O: Anterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane I: Distal phalanx of big toe
56
What is the Origin and Insertion of the Fibularis (Peroneus) Tertius (FT)?
O: Distal surface of fibula I: Base of 5th metatarsals
57
What are the 2 lateral muscles of the leg?
1. Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus 2. Fibularis (Peroneus) Brevis
58
What are the lateral leg muscles called?
ankle eversion muscles
59
What are the Origin and Insertion of the Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus?
O: lateral side of fibula I: plantar surface of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
60
What are the Origin and Insertion of the Fibularis (Peroneus) Brevis?
O: lateral shaft of fibular (inferior to attachment of FL) I: base of 5th metatarsal
61
Which 6 muscles will cause flexion of the thigh/hip?
- biceps femoris (long head) - sartorius - adductor longus - adductor magnus - semimembranosus - semitendinous
62
Which 13 muscles will cause extension of the thigh/hip?
- adductor longus - adductor brevis - adductor magnus - rectus femoris - gracilis - popliteus - vastus intermedius - vastus medialis - vastus laterialis - gluteus maximus - pectinus - psoas major - iliacus
63
Which muscle causes both trunk flexion and lateral trunk flexion?
psoas major
64
Which 7 muscles cause knee flexion?
- biceps femoris (short head) - semimembranosus - semitendinosus - sartorius - gracilis - gastrocnemius - planteris
65
Which 4 muscles cause knee extension?
- vastus medialis - vastus laterialis - vastus intermedius - rectus femoris
66
Which 3 muscles cause lateral rotation of the thigh?
- sartorius - gluteus maximus - popliteus
67
Which 3 muscles cause hip ABdduction and medial rotation of the thigh?
- tensor fascia latae - gluteus medius - gluteus minimis
68
Which 3 muscles cause hip ADDuction?
- adductor longus - adductor magnus - adductor brevis - gracilis
69
Which 4 muscles cause dorsi flexion?
- tibialis anterior - extensor digitorum longus - extensor hallucis longus - fibularis tertius
70
Which 8 muscles cause plantar flexion?
- tibialis posterior - flexor digitorum longus - flexor hallcuis longus - gastrocnemius - soleus - plantaris - fibularis longus - fibularis brevis

Anatomy (11 decks)

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