Module 5.2 Part 1 - Muscles of Upper Extremities

Question 1

Where is the trapezius located relative to the other muscles?

Answer 1

superficial to

Question 2

trapezius

Answer 2

Origin: occipital bone, spinous processes of T1-T12
Insertion: lateral clavicle, acromion, and scapula spine of scapula
Action: rotation, retraction, elevation, and depression of scapula + extends neck and stabalizes shoulder
Innervation: Accessory Nerve (CN XI)

Question 3

levator scapulae

Answer 3

Origin: transvere process of C1-C4
Insertion: medial border of scapula
Action: elevates scapula
Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve

Question 4

rhomboids (major, minor)

Answer 4

Origin: spinous process (C7-T1 minor)(T2-T5 major)
Insertion: medial border of scapula
Action: scapular retraction
Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve

Question 5

pectoralis minor

Answer 5

Origin: ribs 3-5
Insertion: coracoid process of scapula
Action: elevates ribs, draws scapula down and medially
Innervation: medial pectoral nerve

Question 6

serratus anterior

Answer 6

Origin: upper 8 or 9 ribs
Insertion: medial border of the scapula
Action: protraction of scapula
Innervation: long thoracic nerve

Question 7

deltoid (anterior, posterior, middle)

Answer 7

Origin: clavicle and scapula
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Action: aduction at shoulder (whole muscle)
Innervation: axillary nerve

Question 8

pectoralis major

Answer 8

Origin: ribs 2-6, body of sternum
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: flexion, adduction, and meidal rotation at shoulder
Innervation: pectoral nerves

Question 9

supraspinatus

Answer 9

Origin: supraspinatus fossa of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: abduction at shoulder
Innervation: suprascapular nerve

Question 10

infraspinatus

Answer 10

Origin: infraspinatus fossa of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: lateral rotation of shoulder
Innervation: suprascapular nerve

Question 11

teres minor

Answer 11

Origin: lateral border of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: lateral rotation of shoulder
Innervation: axillary nerve

Question 12

teres major

Answer 12

Origin: inferior angle of scapula
Insertion: intertubercular groove of humerus
Action: extension, adduction, and medial rotation at shoulder
Innervation: lower subscapular nerve

Question 13

subscapularis

Answer 13

Origin: subscapular fossa
Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus
Action: medial rotation at shoulder
Innervation: subscapular nerves

Question 14

latissimus dorsi

Answer 14

Origin: spinous process of inferior thoracic and lumbar vertabrae, ribs 8-12
Insertion: intertubercular groove of humerus
Action: extension, adduction, and medial rotation at shoulder
Innervation: thoracodorsal nerve

Question 15

coracobrachialis

Answer 15

Origin: coracoid process
Insertion: medial shaft of humerus
Action: adduction and flexion at shoulder
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve

Question 16

biceps brachii

Answer 16

Origin: short head - coracoid process; long head - supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Insertion: tuberosity of radius
Action: flexion at elbow and shoulder, supination
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve

Question 17

brachialis

Answer 17

Origin: anterior/distal surface of humerus
Insertion: tuberosity of ulna
Action: flexion at elbow
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve and radial nerve

Question 18

brachioradialis

Answer 18

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: lateral aspect of styloid process of radius
Action: flexion at elbow
Innervation: radial nerve

Question 19

triceps (long head, lateral head, medial head)

Answer 19

Origin: Long head – infraglenoid tubercle of scapula; Lateral head – superior, lateral margin on humerus; Medial head – posterior surface of humerus
Insertion: olecranon of ulna
Action: extension at elbow
Innervation: radial nerve

Question 20

pronator teres

Answer 20

Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: mid-lateral surface of radius
Action: pronation
Innervation: median nerve

Question 21

supinator

Answer 21

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: anterolateral surface of radius
Action: supination
Innervation: deep radial nerve

Question 22

Flexor carpi radialis

Answer 22

Action: wrist flexion, radial deviation of the hand
Innervation: median nerve

Question 23

Palmaris longus

Answer 23

Action: wrist flexion
Innervation: median nerve

Question 24

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 24

Action: wrist flexion, ulnar deviation of the hand
Innervation: ulnar nerve

Question 25

Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)

Answer 25

action: flexion of the wrist and digits 2-5 (middle & proximal phalanx)

Question 26

Flexor pollicis longus

Answer 26

Action: flexion of thumb Innervation: median nerve

Question 27

Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)

Answer 27

Action: wrist flexion, flexion of digits 2-5 (distal phalanx) Innervation: palmar interosseous nerve

Question 28

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Answer 28

Action: extension, abduction of the wrist Innervation: radial nerve

Question 29

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Answer 29

Action: extension, abduction of the wrist Innervation: radial nerve

Question 30

Extensor digitorum

Answer 30

Action: wrist extension, extension of digits 2-5 Innervation: deep radial nerve

Question 31

Extensor digiti minimi (digit 5)

Answer 31

Action: wrist extension, extension of digit 5 Innervation: deep radial nerve

Question 32

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Answer 32

Action: extension, adduction of the wrist Innervation: deep radial nerve

Question 33

Abductor pollicis longus (APL)

Answer 33

Action: abduction of wrist and thumb Innervation: deep radial nerve

Question 34

Extensor pollicis longus (EPL)

Answer 34

Action: thumb extension, wrist abduction Innervation: deep radial nerve

Question 35

Extensor pollicis brevis (EPB)

Answer 35

Action: thumb extension, wrist abduction Innervation: deep radial nerve

Question 36

Extensor indicis (EI)

Answer 36

Action: extension of wrist and digit 2 Innervation: deep radial nerve