MODULE 6

Question 1

If you believe the key issue is whether or not your ACTION will AFFECT the amount of HAPPINESS, good, or pleasure in the world,

Answer 1

CONSEQUENCES-BASED PERSPECTIVE

Question 2

A consequences-based perspective, in the most basic terms, asserts that the ____ _____of an act is BASED on the CONSEQUENCES it produces

Answer 2

MORAL WORTH

Question 3

ADVANTAGES of CONSEQUENCES-BASED PERSPECTIVE

Answer 3

USE OF EMPIRICAL / OBSERVABLE CRITERIA

Question 4

DISADVANTAGE OF CONSEQUENCES-BASED PERSPECTIVE

Answer 4

• CONSEQUENCE MAY VARY FROM PERSON TO PERSON
• consequences are observable only AFTER THE ACT IS DONE

Question 5

asserts that the VALUE of an act DEPENDS on the UTILITY it produces, and the utility it most values is ________.

Answer 5

UTILITARIANISM
HAPPINESS

Question 6

UTILITARIANISM key figures are ______ and _____

Answer 6

JEREMY BENTHAM AND JOHN STUART MILL

Question 7

the major strands of utilitarianism are all generally based on the _____ ______ _____ which states: always
choose the action that will produce the GREATEST amount of HAPPINESS for the GREATEST amount of PEOPLE .

Answer 7

GERATEST HAPPINESS PRINCIPLE (GHP)

Question 8

GHP is prone to having various _______. These varying ________ are reflected in the different kinds of utilitarianism.

Answer 8

INTERPRETATIONS

Question 9

Jeremy Bentham’s version of utilitarianism

Answer 9

QUANTITATIVE UTILITARIANISM

Question 10

QU. sub-principle: maximize _____ and minimize
______.

Answer 10

PLEASURE
PAIN

Question 11

QU. used to determine the amount or quantity of the happiness produced by an action

Answer 11

UTILITARIAN / FELICIFIC CALCULUS

Question 12

PARAMETERS / ASPECTS OF FELICIFIC CALCULUS

Answer 12

INTENSITY
DURATION
CERTAINTY
REMOTENESS
FECUNDITY
PURITY
EXTENT

Question 13

Felicific Calculus gives various parameters which can be given numerical grades and then totalled for an overall “______ SCORE.”

Answer 13

HAPPINESS

Question 14

strength of the pleasure

Answer 14

INTENSITY

Question 15

likelihood of pleasure

Answer 15

CERTAINTY

Question 16

immediateness or lateness of pleasure

Answer 16

REMOTENESS

Question 17

timespan of the pleasure

Answer 17

DURATION

Question 18

pleasure is not mixed with pain

Answer 18

PURITY

Question 19

pleasure produces other pleasures

Answer 19

FECUNDITY

Question 20

number of people who will experience the pleasure

Answer 20

EXTENT

Question 21

The philosopher John Stuart Mill argued for a more ______ ANALYSIS of pleasure or happiness

Answer 21

QUALITATIVE

Question 22

2 PARTS OF QUALITATIVE UTILITARIANISM

Answer 22

Higher (INTELLECTUAL) PLEASURES
and Lower (PHYSICAL) PLEASURES

Question 23

MILL argued that choosing a ____ pleasure over a _____ one maximizes happiness.

Answer 23

HIGHER
LOWER

Question 24

“What gives you intellectual pleasure because it engages your INTELLECT, and brings about happiness through meaningful CONTEMPLATION. While what gives you physical pleasure is a no no”

Answer 24

MILL

Question 25

focuses on the UTILITY of SPECIFIC ACTS (SHORT TERM happiness)

Answer 25

ACT UTILITARIANISM

Question 26

focuses on rules that PROMOT GREATER HAPPINESS (LONG TERM).

Answer 26

RULE UTILITARIANISM

Question 27

Avoiding the footbridge may bring about short term happiness because it makes the task of crossing the street easier, or less of a hassle. However, following traffic rules such as properly crossing the road using the footbridge may eventually bring about more happiness in the long term, because there would be less accidents, less traffic, and so on.

Answer 27

Act vs Rule Utilitarianism