MODULE 7 Flashcards
(16 cards)
German age of enlightenment philosopher
IMMANUEL KANT
IMMANUEL KANT standpoint regarding the goals of philosophy.
What can I know?
What ought I to do?
What may I hope for?
According to Kant, the human person becomes DUTY BOUND to her CAPACITY to REGULATE her own _______ and ______ CAPACITY
REASON
REASONING
Kant’s moral theory is based on his philosophical standpoint that there is a ______ to what human beings can CLAIM AS KNOWLEDGDE.
LIMIT
This value is shared by all rational beings; we are given REASON and we know how to PROPERLY USE and regulate reason,
UNCONDITIONAL VALUE
cores of Kantian morality: ABSOLUTE ____ and ____ in HUMANITY
FAITH AND HOPE
UNCONDITIONAL value is shared by all rational beings which also contains the human being’s _____ ____.
GOOD WILL
Kant argues that the human being is within its bounds for claiming the _________ as a requirement of duty which transforms certain actions from mere POSSIBILITY to NECESSITY.
UNIVERSALITY
depend on personal desires or goals. They are not universally binding because they only apply to those pursuing SPECIFIC ENDS.
HYPOTHETICAL IMPERATIVES
is universal and based on reason. It does not depend on individual desires or conditions, making it the FOUNDATION OF KANT’S MORAL PHILOSOPHY.
CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVE
4 FORMULATIONS OF CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVE
- FORMULA OF THE UNIVERSAL LAW OF NATURE
- HUMANITY FORMULA
- AUTONOMY FORMULA
- KINGDOM OF ENDS FORMULA
act only according to that maxim whereby you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law.
a test of one’s imagination—how far will the rule stand, how many situations it can cover, and how many human beings can understand and articulate the usefulness of such rule.
- FORMULA OF THE UNIVERSAL LAW OF NATURE
safeguards the capacity of the person’s ability to make rules and choices for themselves. This does not mean that the person cannot and will not accept any criticism or help from any other person. This signifies that the ultimate choice will always lie at the
person.
…the idea of the will of every rational being as
a universally legislating will.
- AUTONOMY FORMULA
situates the human being as a part of a world community which is willfully and dynamically created by rational beings having sight of the possible and necessary ends for themselves and for the world.
act according to maxims of a universally legislating member of a merely possible kingdom of ends.
- KINGDOM OF ENDS FORMULA
reminds the doer that all human beings including himself/herself must never be treated as means or a mere object to any action since all human beings must always be treated as ends -in-themselves.
act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether your own person or in the person of any other, never merely as means to an end, but always at the same time as an end.
- HUMANITY FORMULA
These four formulations are a way of testing a _______ rule.
POSSIBLE
