% physically active
35%
% overweight or obese
72%
how many australians have chronic conditions?
50%
examples of chronic conditions (AA CCC BDM)
arthritis, asthma
CVD, COPD, cancer
back pain/problems, diabetes, mental health conditions
which 3 chronic conditions contribute most to the disease burden in australia?
cancer, coronary heart disease, mental illness
leading cause of death in older australians
coronary heart disease
prevalence of CHD
13%
cerebrovascular disease refers to any disorder related to…
the blood vessels that supply the brain and covered membranes
what is the most common cause of death from cerebrovascular disease?
stroke
cerebrovascular disease accounts for what % of deaths
7.8%
the reason that the respiratory system becomes less efficient as we age is because of..
the decrease in muscle fibers support this system; less elastic collagen and elastin
the decrease in elastic recoil of the lungs during expiration is due to less what?
elastic collagen and elastin
decrease in elastic recoil of the lungs results in
stiffening of the chest wall
what is tidal volume?
the amount of air that is able to move in and out of the lungs
decrease in tidal volume during ageing lead to
dyspnoea
changes in pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange are due to what 3 things?
- decreasing number of alveoli
- emphysematous changes
- decrease in PO2
emphysematous changes
abnormal enlargement of air spaces in the lungs
PO2
concentratiojn of oxygen in the blood
how much does PO2 decline by age 80?
15%
3 ways to promote health and maintain the function of the respiratory system in older people
- encouragement to stop smoking
- education about infection control
- vaccinations (influenza and pneumococcal)
slower responses to stress and slower ability to return to normal are due to
lower resting HR
reduced blood supply to extremities and orthostatic/postural hypotension are due to
reduced arterial elasticity
how does BP in older people change
systolic blood pressure slightly increases
Older adults may consider a low dose of _____ to assist with cardiovascular changes during ageing
Aspirin
What is frailty?
A process of age related decline in multiple bodily systems that predisposes an older person to sudden change in health status
Frailty is a condition requiring _______ and ________-____ management
Interdisciplinary, longer-term
Poor mobility, reduced strength, poor nutrition, delirium, falls, impaired condition and low mood are all risk factors for which condition?
Frailty
4 interventions to support older people with frailty
- encouraging exercise
- referral to members of interdisciplinary team
- cognitive activities and training programs to help short term memory, problem solving and information recall
- nutritional supplementation.
Polypharmacy us associated with an increased risk of
Adverse drug reactions
Increase rate of chronic health conditions, reduced capacity for independent living and increased risk of suicide are all associated with
Mental illness in later life
