Module 8

Question 1

groups of similar cells performing a similar function

Answer 1

Tissue

Question 2

consists of skin and structures
embedded in the skin, such
as hair and nails.

Answer 2

Integumentary system

Question 3

consists of a
number of glands and secretory
tissues that produce signaling
molecules

Answer 3

Endocrine System

Question 4

outer layer of skin
-mostly dead skin cells

Answer 4

Epidermis

Question 5

The middle layer
- Where hair follicles are

Answer 5

Dermis

Question 6

– inner layer
* Fatty skin tissue

Answer 6

Hypodermis

Question 7

consists of sensory structures containing nervous tissue, and in vertebrates it includes organs such as the eyes, all the nerves, the spinal cord, and the brain.

Answer 7

Nervous System

Question 8

is a framework of support
for vertebrates that includes the bones, cartilage, and ligaments.

Answer 8

Skeletal System

Question 9

produces the force
that moves structures within the body

Answer 9

Muscular System

Question 10

Are specialized arrangement
of cells to achieve a specific
objective

Answer 10

Organ Systems

Question 11

a complex network of cells, tissues, organs, and proteins that protects the body from harmful substances, germs, and cell changes

Answer 11

Immune Systems

Question 12

generates gametes, and in many vertebrates it
facilitates the merger
of the gametes inside
the female body

Answer 12

Reproductive System

Question 13

is the chemical breakdown of food

Answer 13

Digestion

Question 14

the first step in the
digestive process

Answer 14

Ingestion

Question 15

are large broadcast systems to message the entire body

Answer 15

Hormones

Question 16

Animals that eat plants and fungi are

Answer 16

herbivores

Question 17

Animals that eat other animals are

Answer 17

carnivores

Question 18

eats both plants and animals

Answer 18

omnivores

Question 19

eat the organic matter that is
left over as dead organisms decompose.

Answer 19

Detritivores

Question 20

is the main component of the human digestive system and consists of a tubular pathway with accessory organs.

Answer 20

Digestive Tract

Question 21

contains enzymes that break
down starches and it also moistens and lubricates the food.

Answer 21

Saliva

Question 22

The flap that covers the trachea during swallowing so that food does not enter the lungs.

Answer 22

Epiglottis

Question 23

is a muscular sac that stores food.

Answer 23

Stomach

Question 24

Not a part of the digestive tract, but are attached and play essential roles

Answer 24

Accessory Organs

Question 25

pushes food into the stomach

Answer 25

Esophagus

Question 26

the sheet of epithelial cells that makes up the lining extends in fingerlike projections known as

Answer 26

Villie

Question 27

Finally, the plasma membrane of the epithelial cells has fingerlike projections called

Answer 27

Microvillie

Question 28

is a thin, highly coiled and very long tube

Answer 28

Small Intestine

Question 29

After the remaining minerals and water have been reabsorbed, residual matter enters the_________where it is prepared for removal from the body as waste

Answer 29

Large Intestine

Question 30

is a modified portion of the esophagus that can expand and store food until it can be safely digested.

Answer 30

Crop

Question 31

which grinds food with small pebbles or sand grains that the animal ingests for this purpose.

Answer 31

Gizzard

Question 32

are digestive systems where there is only one opening, functioning as both an mouth and anus.

Answer 32

Closed Digestive System

Question 33

are responsible for maintaining water and solute homeostasis in terrestrial vertebrates.

Answer 33

Kidneys

Question 34

The glomerulus lies in a cup-shaped capsule that opens at its far end into a U-shaped

Answer 34

Tubule

Question 35

Blood enters and leaves each nephron through a highly branched tuft of capillaries called

Answer 35

Glomerulus

Question 36

The bronchi divide into a series of ever-smaller branches called

Answer 36

Bronchioles

Question 37

which leads to a series of ever-larger tubes that eventually drain into the ureter, which drains into the bladder.

Answer 37

Collecting duct

Question 38

where gases are exchanged across the moist surface of the thin layer of epithelial cells that line each alveolar sac.

Answer 38

alveoli

Question 39

The oxygen-binding pigment in humans is called

Answer 39

hemoglobin

Question 40

When amphibians breather through their skin

Answer 40

Cutaneous respiration-

Question 41

enables an animal to bring oxygen into the body while expelling carbon dioxide.

Answer 41

Respiratory System

Question 42

is an internal transport system consisting of tube like blood vessels, a muscular heart, and fluids that carry gases, nutrients, and wastes long distances throughout the body

Answer 42

Circulatory System

Question 43

* The circulatory system of vertebrates is called the Consists of heart, blood vessels, and blood

Answer 43

Cardiovascular System

Question 44

allow the exchange of materials between the blood and the surrounding interstitial fluid and cells

Answer 44

Capillaries

Question 45

bring blood back to the heart via a network of increasingly larger vessels.

Answer 45

Veins

Question 46

The upper chambers of the heart

Answer 46

atria

Question 47

the lower, larger chambers

Answer 47

Ventricles

Question 48

that carry blood from the heart for distribution to the body and s branch many times to form a control the flow of blood to the capillaries

Answer 48

arterioles

Question 49

branch many times to form a network of arterioles

Answer 49

Arteries

Question 50

The two chambers on the right side of the heart receive blood returning from the systemic circuit that is low in oxygen and laden with CO2 and pump it through the

Answer 50

pulmonary circuit

Question 51

The chambers on the left side of the heart receive oxygenated blood returning from the lungs and pump it through the

Answer 51

systemic circuit

Question 52

a functional unit of the kidney that filters blood, reabsorbs substances, and excretes waste products in the form of urine

Answer 52

Nephron

Question 53

the phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart muscle relaxes and fills with blood

Answer 53

Diastole

Question 54

the contraction of the heart's ventricles that forces blood into the arteries and increases blood pressure

Answer 54

Systole

Question 55

exocrine glands that produce, modify, and secrete saliva into the oral cavity

Answer 55

Salivary Gland

Question 56

The large air passages that lead from the trachea (windpipe) to the lungs.

Answer 56

Bronchi

Question 57

a digestive system that has a clear beginning and end

Answer 57

Open Digestive System

Question 58

a biological system where blood mixes with interstitial fluid and flows freely through cavities in the body

Answer 58

Open Circulatory System

Question 59

a biological system where blood is kept within vessels and the heart as it moves through the body

Answer 59

Closed Circulatory System

Question 60

the process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide through an organism's skin or outer surface

Answer 60

Cutaneous Respiration

Question 61

What is the main function of the integumentary system

Answer 61

It is to protect the body from infections and injuries and regulates body temperatures

Question 62

What is the main function of the endocrine system

Answer 62

It is to produce and secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream

Question 63

What is the main function of the nervous System

Answer 63

It is to send messages from various parts of the body to your brain and from your brain back out to the body to tell your body what to do

Question 64

What is the main Function of the skeletal system

Answer 64

It is to provide support for the body

Question 65

What is the main function of the muscular system

Answer 65

to produce movement by contracting muscles attached to bones. (movent, support, protection, heat generation, blood circulation)

Question 66

What is the main function of the immune system

Answer 66

It is to protect the body from harmful substances, germs, and cell changes

Question 67

What is the main function of the Reproduction system

Answer 67

to reproduce, generate gametes

Question 68

What is the main function of the digestive system

Answer 68

It is to digest and absorb food and eliminate waste products

Question 69

What is the main function of the urinary system

Answer 69

Removes liquids waste (nitrogen waste) from the blood through urine, maintains a balance of salts in blood and produces erythropoietin

Question 70

What is the main system of the Circulatory system

Answer 70

To transport oxygen (through blood) and nutrients to cells through the body

Question 71

What is the main function of respiratory system

Answer 71

It is to take in oxygen from the environment and deliver it to the body's cells

Question 72

What is the main function of the kidneys

Answer 72

To filter waste from the blood and return clean blood to the body