Module 8- Part 1 Integument Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Module 8- Part 1 Integument Deck (20)
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1
Q

what are the functions of the skin?

A
  • protection: skin minimizes injury from physical, chemical, thermal, and light wave sources
  • prevention and penetration: stops invasion of microorganisms and loss of water/electrolytes within body
  • perception: skin is sensory surface for touch, pain, temp
  • temperature regulation: allows heat dissipation through sweat glands and heat storage through subcutaneous insulation
  • identification: hair, skin colour, fingerprints
  • communication: blushing, blanching (pale)
  • wound repair: allows cell replacement of surface wounds
  • absorption and excretion: allows limited excretion of some metabolic wastes
  • production of vitamin D: skin is surface where UV lights converts cholesterol into vitamin D
2
Q

what does the term comorbidity mean?

A

simultaneous presence of two chronic conditions or diseases in a patient

3
Q

list some abnormalities for hair, skin, nails

A
  • abnormal colour in skin
  • lesions on scalp
  • splitting nails
  • extreme dryness in lips/face
4
Q

what are the general components of objective data for skin?

A

pigmentation, temp., moisture, texture, thickness, edema, mobility and turgor, vascularity and bruising, and lesions

5
Q

what is ecchymosis?

A

bruising

6
Q

what is psoriasis?

A

patches of abnormal skin

7
Q

what is pruritus?

A

severe itching

8
Q

what is pallor?

A

When the skin takes on the colour of collagen as a result of inadequate oxygenated hemoglobin in the circulating blood (eg. pale)

9
Q

what is cyanosis?

A

a bluish tinged skin

10
Q

whats flush?

A

a blush or sudden reddening of the face and neck

11
Q

whats jaundice?

A

a yellowish tinged skin

12
Q

whats a pressure ulcer?

A

result of localized deficiency in the blood supply to the tissue

13
Q

whats a hematoma?

A

a collection of extravasated blood trapped in tissues of the skin or an organ

14
Q

whats tenting?

A

skin stays pinched or moves back slowly; may indicate dehydration

15
Q

whats clubbing?

A

a condition in which angle between the nail and nail bed is 180 degrees or greater

16
Q

whats edema?

A

fluid that accumulates in the intercellular spaces that is not normally present (swelling)

17
Q

whats petechiae?

A

commonly appear in clusters and may look like a rash. Usually flat to touch and don’t lose colour when you touch on them (usually red, brown purple)

18
Q

what is different for an infant regarding skin compared to an older adult?

A

infants skin is much more thin, smooth and elastic (more permeable than an adult) but this means infant is at greater risk for fluid loss

19
Q

what are the developmental changes for pregnant women with skin?

A
  • change in hormone levels results in increased pigmentation in areolae and nipples, vulva, and sometimes in midline of abdomen or face.
  • metabolism is increased
  • peripheral vasculature dilates to dissipate heat
20
Q

what are the developmental changes for older adults with skin?

A
  • loses elasticity, folds and sags
  • around ages 70+, looks thin, dry and wrinkled
  • elastin, collagen and subcutaneous fat are lost as well as muscle tone