Module One, Lecture Six

Question 1

What is the definition of Cellular Respiration?

Answer 1

A chemical currency that powers various cellular activities:

Organisms convert glucose and oxygen into water, carbon dioxide, and ATP

Question 2

What do cells need energy for? ( 4 )

Answer 2

1. Mechanical Work e.g Motor Proteins that require ATP to function
2. Produce new material
3. Transport molecules across membranes
4. To maintain order

Question 3

What is the Mitochondria?

Answer 3

The powerhouse of the cell

Question 4

Describe the structure of the Mitochondria…

Answer 4

Mitochondrial DNA, Ribosomes, Outer Membrane, Inner Membrane ( with folds - Cristae ), Mitochondrial Matrix

Question 5

Where does Cellular Respiration occur?

Answer 5

In the cytoplasm and mitochondria of plant and animal cells

Question 6

What is the overall equation of Cellular Respiration?

Answer 6

Glucose + 6 Oxygen = 6 Carbon Dioxide + 6 Water + Energy ( ATP / NADH / FADH2 )

Question 7

What are the stages of Cellular Respiration? ( 4 )

Answer 7

1. Glycolysis
2. Pyruvate Oxidation
3. Citric Acid Cycle
4. Oxidative Phosphorylation

Question 8

What happens in the Glycolysis Stage?

Answer 8

Occurs in the cytoplasm, breaks down glucose molecule into pyruvate, produces small amount of ATP and NADH

Question 9

What happens in the Pyruvate oxidation Stage?

Answer 9

Occurs in the mitochondria, converts pyruvate into acetyl-CoA, produces more NADH and Carbon Dioxide as a by product

Question 10

What happens in the Citric Acid Cycle Stage?

Answer 10

Occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, breaks down acetyl-CoA into Carbon Dioxide and Water as byproducts, produces more ATP, NADH and FADH2

Question 11

What happens in the Oxidative Phosphorylation Stage?

Answer 11

Occurs in the mitochondrial membrane, electron transport chains use NADH and FADH2 to from a proton gradient which is then used by ATP synthesis to create a large amount of ATP for the cell to use or store