Modules 1 & 2 Jeopardy/In Class Review Questions

Question 1

which root of the spinal nerve is afferent?

Answer 1

dorsal

Question 2

which root of the spinal nerve is efferent?

Answer 2

ventral

Question 3

when the antagonist muscle is inhibited while the antagonist muscle contracts, it is called _______________.

Answer 3

reciprocal inhibition

Question 4

which type of neurons transmit info away from the CNS?

Answer 4

motor/efferent

Question 5

what part of the brain controls respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure?

Answer 5

medulla or brainstem

Question 6

in which lobes of the brain are these located?
a) primary visual cortex
b) primary motor cortex
c) primary sensory cortex

Answer 6

a) occipital
b) frontal
c) parietal

Question 7

True or False: Throwing a dart at a dart board would be considered a tracking task.

Answer 7

false

Question 8

what are the 3 sub-disciplines of motor behavior?

Answer 8

motor control, motor learning, motor behavior

Question 9

between discrete and continuous skills, which are generally longer in duration?

Answer 9

continuous

Question 10

explain the 2 ways that the term “skill” can be conceptualized

Answer 10

-task
-level of proficiency

Question 11

classify the following task using the discrete-continuous-serial, motor-cognitive, and open-closed skill classifications

task: vertical jump

Answer 11

discrete
motor
closed

Question 12

according to recent research discussed in class, the gender gap in men’s and women’s world record performances has been stable(at about 10%) since what year?

Answer 12

1983

Question 13

what is the name specifically given to the scientific approach used to study individual differences?

Answer 13

differential approach

***experimental approach can show causality, differential cannot

Question 14

according to the research published in the journal Pediatrics and discussed in class, what is the correlation coefficient between IQ and motor coordination in children?

Answer 14

.44 (weak/moderate correlation)

Question 15

between the Theory of General Motor Ability and the Specificity Hypothesis, which is more recent?

Answer 15

specificity hypothesis

Question 16

who is responsible for your abilities?

Answer 16

your parents

Question 17

what correlation coefficient indicates no association whatsoever between variables?

Answer 17

zero

Question 18

the ________________ of a correlation determines the extent to which the correlation can be used to predict one variable from knowledge of another variable

Answer 18

strength

Question 19

true or false: if you found a correlation coefficient of +0.82 between arm length and ball throwing distance, you would be able to conclude that arm length affects throwing distance.

Answer 19

false

Question 20

correlation coefficients between _____________ and ______________ are typically considered strong

Answer 20

0.7 and 1

Question 21

the stronger the correlation, between two motor tasks, the ______________ abilities are likely shared by the tasks.

Answer 21

more

Question 22

in science, theory yields predictions. these predictions form the basis of __________________

Answer 22

hypothesis

Question 23

true or false: a person’s potential for skilled performance is easily predicted

Answer 23

false

Question 24

under ideal conditions, the ____________________ nervous system can regenerate somewhat following an injury

Answer 24

peripheral

Question 25

true or false: any spinal cord injury that occurs at the lumbar level will be an incomplete injury

Answer 25

false

Question 26

what 3 elements are critical to performance of any motor skill?

Answer 26

perceiving, deciding, producing

Question 27

what 2 things determines functional impairment of SCI?

Answer 27

completeness and location

Question 28

what does injury of the cervical spine cause?

Answer 28

tetraplegia

Question 29

neurons that send info out into the spinal cord

Answer 29

motor/efferent

Question 30

neurons that receive info into the brain

Answer 30

sensory/afferent

Question 31

how does the brain/spine interface(digital bridge) work to restore movement to the paraplegic man?

Answer 31

2 implants are placed into the brain and extended into the spinal cord and 2 implants are placed there as well; electrodes in brain send info to spinal cord electrodes

Question 32

what neurotransmitter plays a role in SIDS?

Answer 32

serotonin

Question 33

why do pediatricians advise babies to sleep on their backs?

Answer 33

does not obstruct breathing

Question 34

where do spinal nerves serving the legs exit/enter the spinal cord? arms?

Answer 34

lumbar spine; cervical spine

Question 35

where in your brain are respiration, BP, and HR regulated?

Answer 35

medulla

Question 36

what are the 2 ways the CNS uses to regulate muscle force

Answer 36

motor unit recruitment and neural stimulation frequency

Question 37

how do you convert the correlation coefficient into a percent?

Answer 37

square it and multiply by 100

Question 38

what is a test battery?

Answer 38

a series of tests

Question 39

what is the typical correlation coefficient between performance on the test battery and fighter pilot performance?

Answer 39

.4