Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PSYCH/SOC > Motivation > Flashcards

Motivation Flashcards

(75 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is the primary focus of biological theories of motivation?

A

The primary focus is on how biological processes influence motivation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

True or False: Biological theories of motivation emphasize physiological needs.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Fill in the blank: According to biological theories, _____ drives motivation for basic needs.

A

homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is homeostasis in the context of motivation?

A

Homeostasis refers to the body’s ability to maintain stable internal conditions, which drives motivation to fulfill basic needs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which theory suggests that biological needs create a drive to act?

A

Drive theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the two main categories of needs in need-based theories?

A

Basic needs and psychological needs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

True or False: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs includes physiological needs at the top of the pyramid.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the highest level in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

A

Self-actualization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a level in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs? A) Esteem B) Love/Belonging C) Intelligence D) Self-actualization

A

C) Intelligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What motivates individuals according to the need for achievement theory?

A

The desire to accomplish challenging tasks and attain high standards.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Fill in the blank: The need for _____ focuses on the desire for social connections and relationships.

A

affiliation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

True or False: Biological theories of motivation ignore psychological aspects.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the role of neurotransmitters in biological theories of motivation?

A

Neurotransmitters facilitate communication between neurons and can influence motivation and behavior.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Short answer: Name one biological factor that can influence motivation.

A

Hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which theory emphasizes that motivation arises from unmet needs?

A

Need-based theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ theory posits that people are motivated to reduce tension caused by unmet needs.

A

drive reduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a basic need according to Maslow? A) Security B) Creativity C) Knowledge D) Self-esteem

A

A) Security

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the significance of the Yerkes-Dodson law in motivation?

A

It describes the relationship between arousal and performance, indicating that optimal performance occurs at moderate levels of arousal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

True or False: According to need-based theories, all needs must be satisfied before higher-level needs can be pursued.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Short answer: What does the term ‘intrinsic motivation’ refer to?

A

Motivation driven by internal rewards and personal satisfaction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Fill in the blank: The theory that categorizes needs into deficiency needs and growth needs is known as _____ theory.

A

Maslow’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the primary characteristic of self-determination theory?

A

It emphasizes the role of intrinsic motivation and the fulfillment of psychological needs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following needs is NOT part of Deci and Ryan’s self-determination theory? A) Autonomy B) Competence C) Relatedness D) Esteem

A

D) Esteem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

True or False: Biological theories of motivation consider environmental factors as primary influencers.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What physiological response is often associated with motivational drives?
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
26
Fill in the blank: The _____ theory suggests that people are motivated by a desire to maintain optimal levels of arousal.
arousal
27
Short answer: Describe the concept of 'drive' in the context of biological theories.
A drive is an internal state that pushes an organism to take action to fulfill a need.
28
What is the relationship between hunger and motivation according to biological theories?
Hunger serves as a biological drive that motivates individuals to seek food.
29
Multiple Choice: Which need is considered a psychological need in Maslow's hierarchy? A) Safety B) Love/Belonging C) Physiological D) Self-actualization
B) Love/Belonging
30
True or False: Need-based theories focus solely on physiological needs.
False
31
What role does the hypothalamus play in motivation?
The hypothalamus regulates various homeostatic processes, influencing hunger, thirst, and other motivational drives.
32
What is the primary focus of incentive theory of motivation?
The primary focus is on the role of external stimuli in motivating behavior.
33
True or False: Incentive theory suggests that behavior is motivated by internal drives only.
False
34
Fill in the blank: According to incentive theory, __________ are key motivators of behavior.
external rewards
35
What psychological principle does incentive theory relate to?
It relates to the principle of reinforcement.
36
Short answer: Name one example of an incentive that can motivate behavior.
Money
37
What does the opponent process theory of motivation explain?
It explains how emotions and motivations can be influenced by opposing processes.
38
True or False: The opponent process theory states that every emotional experience is followed by an opposing emotional reaction.
True
39
What is the main idea behind the opponent process theory?
It posits that an emotional event triggers a primary response, followed by an opposing secondary response.
40
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of the opponent process theory? A) Feeling excitement followed by calmness B) Feeling hungry and eating C) Studying for an exam
A) Feeling excitement followed by calmness
41
What type of emotions does the opponent process theory primarily address?
Emotions that are opposing, such as pleasure and pain.
42
Fill in the blank: The opponent process theory was proposed by __________.
Richard Solomon
43
Short answer: How does the opponent process theory relate to addiction?
It explains how the initial pleasure from a substance is followed by withdrawal symptoms, creating a cycle.
44
True or False: Incentive theory can be applied to understand consumer behavior.
True
45
What role do incentives play in learning according to incentive theory?
Incentives enhance learning by providing rewards that encourage desired behaviors.
46
Multiple Choice: Which theory emphasizes the importance of external rewards? A) Drive Reduction Theory B) Incentive Theory C) Cognitive Dissonance Theory
B) Incentive Theory
47
Fill in the blank: In the opponent process theory, the __________ response is the initial reaction to a stimulus.
primary
48
What is an example of an opponent process in emotional experiences?
The feeling of elation followed by a sense of emptiness.
49
True or False: The opponent process theory can be applied to understand mood swings.
True
50
Short answer: How does incentive theory differ from drive theory?
Incentive theory focuses on external rewards, while drive theory emphasizes internal needs.
51
Multiple Choice: Which of the following best describes an incentive? A) A biological need B) An external stimulus C) A psychological drive
B) An external stimulus
52
Fill in the blank: The __________ response in the opponent process theory is the body's attempt to counteract the primary response.
secondary
53
What is a practical application of incentive theory in the workplace?
Implementing bonuses to motivate employees.
54
True or False: Incentive theory only applies to positive rewards.
False
55
Short answer: What is a limitation of the incentive theory?
It does not account for intrinsic motivation.
56
Multiple Choice: According to the opponent process theory, which process occurs after the primary response? A) Neutral response B) Secondary response C) Rebound response
B) Secondary response
57
Fill in the blank: The opponent process theory suggests that repeated exposure to a stimulus will __________ the intensity of the primary response.
decrease
58
What is a key factor that influences the effectiveness of incentives?
The perceived value of the incentive.
59
True or False: The opponent process theory can help explain why people return to harmful behaviors.
True
60
Short answer: Describe one way that incentive theory can be applied in education.
Using grades as a reward to motivate students.
61
What is the fundamental premise of expectancy theory?
Expectancy theory posits that individuals are motivated to act in a certain way based on the expected outcome of their actions.
62
True or False: Expectancy theory includes three key components: expectancy, instrumentality, and valence.
True
63
Fill in the blank: Expectancy theory suggests that motivation is influenced by the belief that effort will lead to _______.
performance
64
Which component of expectancy theory refers to the perceived likelihood that performance will lead to a specific outcome?
Instrumentality
65
What does 'valence' refer to in the context of expectancy theory?
Valence refers to the value an individual places on the expected outcome of an action.
66
What are the four stages of Masters and Johnson's sexual response cycle?
Excitement, Plateau, Orgasm, and Resolution.
67
True or False: The excitement phase is characterized by increased heart rate and blood flow to the genitals.
True.
68
Fill in the blank: The ________ phase involves heightened sexual tension and physical changes before orgasm.
Plateau.
69
What physiological changes occur during the orgasm stage?
Muscle contractions, increased heart rate, and release of sexual tension.
70
Multiple Choice: Which stage of the sexual response cycle immediately follows orgasm? A) Excitement B) Plateau C) Resolution D) Refractory
C) Resolution.
71
What is the primary focus of Masters and Johnson's research?
The physiological and psychological responses during sexual activity.
72
True or False: The resolution phase is the same for both men and women.
False.
73
What is the refractory period?
The time following orgasm during which an individual cannot achieve another orgasm.
74
Fill in the blank: Masters and Johnson's model was groundbreaking because it emphasized ________ as a key component of sexual health.
Physiological responses.
75
Multiple Choice: Which phase is characterized by a sense of relaxation and return to baseline physiological state? A) Excitement B) Plateau C) Orgasm D) Resolution
D) Resolution.

PSYCH/SOC (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions