motor reflex fx Flashcards
(29 cards)
clonus
is a series of involuntary, rhythmic, muscular contractions and relaxations
Hoffman’s sign
lightly tapping on nerve to produce pins and needles over distribution of nerve
tests peripheral nerve damage
myotactic reflex
is a muscle contraction in response to stretching within the muscle
When a muscle spindle is stretched an impulse is immediately sent to the spinal cord and a response to contract the muscle is received. Since the impulse only has to go to the spinal cord and back, not all the way to the brain, it is a very quick impulse
hemiparesis
weakness of entire side of body
hemiplegia
paralysis of one side of body
bradykinesia
slow movement of body
paraparesis
weakness of voluntary movement, or partial loss of voluntary movement or by impaired movement in both legs
paraplegia
impairment of motor or sensory of lower limbs
chorea prominent in
huntingtons
also drugs, C Jacobs, kuru, wilsons
athetosis
a symptom characterized by slow, involuntary, convoluted, writhing movements of the fingers, hands, toes, and feet and in some cases, arms, legs, neck and tongue
dystonia
is a neurological movement disorder, in which sustained muscle contractions cause twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures.[1] The movements may resemble a tremor. Dystonia is often initiated or worsened by voluntary movements
hemiballism
rare movement disorder that presents with unilateral flinging movements of the limbs
internal capsule
primary locus through which the upper motor neuron (corticospinal and corticobulbar) pathways descend.
with damage to descending motor pathways..
deep tendon reflexes increase
superficial reflexes decrease
superficial reflexes include (4)
abdominal
cremaster
plantar
anal wink
reflexes with lesions in cerebellum and basal ganglia
no change
may be sluggish
to grade a reflex as 4 you must try
reinforcement
reflex w/ lesion at muscle
no change unless end stage
reflex w/ lesion at NMJ
normal–>decreased
reflex w/ lesion at peripheral nerve
decreased
reflex w/ lesion at root
decreased
reflex w/ lesion at spinal cord & brain
usually increased unless the gray matter (anterior horn cells, lower motor neurons) is damaged right at reflex level
where do upper motor neurons (corticobulbar & corticospinal) decussate
cervicomedullary junction
where do UMN descend spinal cord
lateral funiculus
