Mouth

Question 1

Pallor around the lips (circumoral pallor) is seen in

Answer 1

Anemia and shock

Question 2

Bluish (cyanotic) lips may result from

Answer 2

Cold or hypoxia

Question 3

Reddish lips are seen with clients?

Answer 3

ketoacidosis, carbon monoxide poisoning, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with polycythemia.

Question 4

Swelling of the lips (edema)
is common

Answer 4

In local or systemic allergic or anaphylactic reactions

Question 5

It is seen when upper or lower incisors protrude.

Answer 5

Malocclusion of teeth

Question 6

Red, swollen gums that bleed easily are seen in

Answer 6

gingivitis, scurvy (vitamin C deficiency), and leukemia

Question 7

Receding red gums with loss of teeth are seen in

Answer 7

Periodontitis

Question 8

Enlarged reddened gums

Answer 8

Hyperplasia

Question 9

A bluish-black or grey-white line along the gum line is seen

Answer 9

Lead poisoning

Question 10

may be seen in chronic irritation and smoking.

Answer 10

Leukoplakia

Question 11

is a precancerous lesion,
and the client should be referred for evaluation.

Answer 11

Leukoplakia

Question 12

Whitish, curd-like patches that scrape off over reddened mucosa and bleed easily indicate

Answer 12

Thrush (candida albicans) infection

Question 13

(tiny whitish spots that lie over reddened mucosa) are an early sign of the measles.

Answer 13

Kopliks Spots

Question 14

may be seen, as may brown patches inside the cheeks of clients with adrenocortical insufficiency

Answer 14

Canker sores

Question 15

longitudinal fissures seen in

Answer 15

Dehydration

Question 16

a black tongue indicative of what

Answer 16

Bismuth

Question 17

smooth, reddish, shiny tongue without papillae indicative of

Answer 17

niacin or vitamin B12 deficiencies, certain anemias, and antineoplastic therapy

Question 18

may appear as thick white plaques on the hard palate.

Answer 18

Candidal infection

Question 19

Deep purple, raised, or flat lesions may indicate a

Answer 19

Kaposi’s sarcoma

Question 20

An opening in the hard palate

Answer 20

Cleft palate

Question 21

bony protuberance in the midline of the hard palate, is a normal variation seen more often in females, Eskimos, Native Americans, and Asians

Answer 21

Torus palatinus

Question 22

Normal and abnormal tonsils

Answer 22

Normal - + 1
Abnormal- Tonsils are red, enlarged (to 2+, 3+, or 4+), and covered with exudate in tonsillitis

Question 23

A bright red throat with white or yellow exu- date indicates

Answer 23

Pharyngitis

Question 24

Nasal mucosa is swollen and pale pink or bluish gray in clients with

Answer 24

Allergies

Question 25

Nasal mucosa is red due to

Answer 25

Upper respiratory infection

Question 26

may be noted on the lower anterior part of the nasal septum with local irritation.

Answer 26

Bleeding (epistasis)

Question 27

is seen with acute bacterial rhinosinusitis.

Answer 27

Purulent nasal discharge

Question 28

Frontal or maxillary sinuses are tender to palpation in clients with allergies

Answer 28

Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis

Question 29

Absence of a red glow usually indicates

Answer 29

Sinus filled with fluid or pus