Flashcards in Movements disroders Deck (33):
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Movement disorders - types
1. athetosis 2. chorea 3, Dystonia 4. Essential tremor
5. Hmiballismus 6. intention tremor 7. Myoclonus
8. Resting tremor
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Athetosis - presentation
slow, writhing (snake-like) movements, especially seen in fingers
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Athetosis - characteristic lesions
Basal ganglia (Huntington)
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Athetosis - especially seen in (area)
fingers
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Chorea - presentation / chorema means (as a world)
sudden, jerky purposeless movements
chorea --> dancing
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chorea - characteristic lesion
Basal ganglia (Huntington)
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dystonia - presentation
sustained involuntary muscle contraction
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dystonia - examples
Writer's cramp
blepharospam (sustained eyelid twitch)
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Essential tremor - presentation
high frequency tremor with sustained posture (eg outstretched arms), worsened with movement or when anxious
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Essential tremor - worsened when
with movement or when anxious
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Essential tremor - treatment
1. β-blockers (nonselective --> eg. propranolol)
2. primidone
3. patients often self medicate with EtOH
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Essential tremor IS OFTEN
familiar
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hemiballismus - presentation
sudden, wild flailing of 1 arm +/- ispilateral leg
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hemiballismus - characteristic lesion
contralateral subthalamic nucleus (eg. lacunar stroke)
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intention tremor - presentation
slow, zigzag motion when pointing extending toward a target
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intention tremor - characteristic lesion
cerebellar dysfunction
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Myoclonus - presentation
sudden brief uncontrolled muscle contraction
- hiccups are common
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Myoclonus - common in
metabolic abnormalities such as liver or renal failure
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Resting tremor - presentation
uncontrolled movement of distal appendages (most noticeable in hands) (pill rolling tremor)
tremor alleviated by intentional movement
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Resting tremor - alleviated by
intentional movement
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Resting tremor - seen in
Parkinson
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Huntington - types of movement disorders
1. athetosis
2. chorea
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essential vs intention tremor (speed)
essential - high frequency
intention --> slow
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pill rolling tremor
Resting tremor
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essential vs resting (on movement)
essential --> worsened on movement (and resting --> alleviated by intentional movement
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familiar movement disorder
essential tremor
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movement disorder with cerebellar dysfunction
intention tremor
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movement disorder with hiccups
myoclonus
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movement disorder - patients often self mediated with EtOH
essential tremor
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movement disorder - writer's cramp
dystonia
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Hemiballismus course - course
Recovers spontaneously over months
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2 causes of chorea
1. Huntington
2. Sydenham chorea
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