MS

Question 1

skeletal system
Components
function

Answer 1

bones, cartilages- lines bones, ligaments

• support and protection, movement, storage and produces blood cells

Question 2

long bones vs flat bones vs short ones vs irregular bones vs sesamoid bones

Answer 2

long bones- longer then wider
flat bones- wider then longer, curved-skull, ribs

short bones- cubed shape- hands and wrist

irregular- not long, flat or short- vertebrate, bones on hips

sesamoid bones- small

Question 3

structure of bone

Answer 3

-compact bones- dense outer layer
- spongy bone- made of small trabeculae
compact bone sandwiched between connective tissue membrane
- periosteum- outside of compact bone
- endosteum- inside portion of compact bone

long bone structure…

Question 4

bones have features that reveal important information

Answer 4

• bone markings- sites of muscle, ligament, and tendon attachment on. external surfaces
• openings- area involved in joint formation or passages for blood vessels and nerves

Question 5

crest
tuberosite
epicondyle

Question 6

axial skeleton

Answer 6

skull, thoracic cage- ribs, stermum. vertebral column

three functions
1)

Question 7

vertical column

Answer 7

five major regions
- cervical
- thoracic
-lumbar
- sacrum- one bone formed from fusion of several bones to hip?
- corryx

function
- provides surface area for muscle attachment
- supports/protects the spinal cord
- positions the head
- supports the upright position in sittings/standing

2 types of curves

Question 8

abnormal vertebral curvatures

Answer 8

scoliosis- lateral
kyphosis-dorsal thoracic
lordosis- lumbar

Question 9

common structure of all vertebrae

Question 10

vertebrae differ between regions

Answer 10

Cervical- 7
- small oval body
- large vertebral foramen
- bifid short spinous process except c7
Atlas C1 and axes C2- allows to move our head

Thoracic
- heart-shaped body
smaller circular vertebral foramen
large traverse process
facets for articulation with ribs
spinous process projections infernal

Lumbar
- large over body
- triangular vertebral foramen
small transverse process
short, flat spinous processes
zygapophyseal joings- articular surface alignment more vertical

sacrum
- 5 fused vertebrae
- articulates with the pelvic girdle via the sacroiliac joints
coccyx
- 3-5 fused vertebrae
- fuse late in adult life

Question 11

thoracic cage

Answer 11

• composed of
  thoracic vertebrae posteriorly
  sternim and costal cartilages anteriorly
  ribs laterally

function
- protect vital organs