MSK- Knee

Question 1

Why does the medial meniscus tear easier than lateral?

Answer 1

doesnt move as much during flexion
attatched to MCL, ACL, PCL and semimembranous

Question 2

Why is there giving way with meniscal tears?

Answer 2

swelling in the knee decreases quad activation

Question 3

Tibial ER -> Tibial IR->

Answer 3

Tibial ER -> medial meniscus
Tibial IR-> lateral meniscus

Question 4

Meniscus special tests

Answer 4

McMurray’s
Apley’s
Thessalys
Bounce Home

Question 5

Meniscal- Interventions

Answer 5

decrease inflammation
pain-free ROM
strengthening

Question 6

What is hemarthrosis?

Answer 6

bleeding in the joint, causing excessive symptoms in all tests

Question 7

Direction of the ACL?

Answer 7

BUL
Backward, up, and lateral

Question 8

ACL- special tests?

Answer 8

anterior drawer
lachman’s test
pivot-shift

Question 9

ACL interventions

Answer 9

decrease pain
decrease swelling
bracing
crutches (if necessary)
strengthening (CKC-> OKC)
proprioception
restore ROM

Question 10

The two grafts

Answer 10

hamstring (gracilis and semitend)- more likely for an ACL reinjury
patellar tendon- more likely for PFPS

Question 11

PCL special tests

Answer 11

posterior drawer
posterior sag sign
godfrey (gravity)

Question 12

PCL- interventions

Answer 12

decrease pain
decrease swelling
bracing
strengthening
proprioception
restore ROM

Question 13

MCL- special test

Answer 13

valgus stress test

Question 14

MCL- interventions

Answer 14

decrease pain
decrease swelling
bracing
strengthening
proprioception
restore ROM

Question 15

LCL- special test

Answer 15

varus stress test

Question 16

LCL- interventions

Answer 16

decrease pain
decrease swelling
bracing
strengthening
proprioception
restore ROM

Question 17

LCL most palpable position

Answer 17

figure 4

Question 18

MCL taut in?

Answer 18

all fibers taut in extension
anterior fibers in flexion
posterior in mid-range

Question 19

Knee OA- cardinal signs

Answer 19

morining stiffness (geling period)

Question 20

Knee OA- interventions (conservative)

Answer 20

muscle strenghtneing
low impact exercises
decrease swelling
decrease pain
increase ROM
improve fxn
assistive device for ambulation
bracing if needed
weight loss

Question 21

Knee OA- interventions (surgical)

Answer 21

aspiration
injections (hyaluronic acid- synvisc)
arthroscopic debridement
proximal tibial osteotomy (wedging)
partial or total knee replacement

Question 22

What is chondromalacia patellae

Answer 22

degeneration of patellar articular cartilage (behind the patella pain)

Question 23

PFPS- intrinsic factors

Answer 23

increased Q angle
muscle fascial tightness (TFL and plantarflecxion tightness)
hip muscle weakness
VMO insuffincency
Lax medial retinaculum

Question 24

Q angle normal ranges

Answer 24

12-15 deg
15-18 deg

Question 25

PFPS- special tests

Answer 25

clark's sign McConnel test Step-up test Eccentric step test

Question 26

Special tests for intrarticular swelling

Answer 26

brush test patellar tap test

Question 27

PFPS interventions

Answer 27

temporarily reduce activity involving high or prolonged loads bracing / taping lateral retinaculum stretch VMO training Glite medius strenghthening arch support and foot intrinsic training treat underlying causes

Question 28

Infrapatella fat pad impingement

Answer 28

signs and symptoms arising around 20 degress of knee flexion

Question 29

fat pad impingement epidemiology

Answer 29

patella alta (abnormally high patella) genu recurvatum (high extended knee when standing) anterior pelvic tilt inferior patellar tilt hyperextension injury

Question 30

fat pad special test

Answer 30

Hoffa's test look for camel sign

Question 31

Patella dislocation- interventions (following reduction)

Answer 31

early - immobilization - decrease inflammation - crutches until full extension - normalize gait - isometric and ROM exercises later - progress to CKE (emphasis VMO and glute med) - patellar bracing

Question 32

Patella tendinosis- interventions

Answer 32

manage pain manage swelling patellar tendon strap avoid overloading quadriceps progressive loading ( eccentric quads contraction)

Question 33

Apohysis

Answer 33

bony tubercle

Question 34

Apophysitis

Answer 34

bony tuberlce inflammation

Question 35

Osgoodes interventions

Answer 35

manage pain manage swelling decrease parameteres of aggravating patellar tendon strap

Question 36

ITB syndorms- special tests

Answer 36

noble compression test obers test thomas test

Question 37

ITB interventions

Answer 37

devrease pain avoid aggravting activities TFL/ITB stretches and soft tissue mobilizations

Question 38

Knee birsitis- common bursas injured

Answer 38

pes anserine prepatellar (housemaids knee) superficial infrapatellar deep infrapatellar

Question 39

knee bursitis interventions

Answer 39

manage swelling manage pain avoid aggravting activities stretching and soft tissues

Question 40

Bakers cyst- signs

Answer 40

goose egg in the popliteal fossa pain when knee extended and standing

Question 41

Baker's Cyst- interventions

Answer 41

self-limiting- heals itself manage swelling manage pain avoid aggravting activiites compression sleeve

Question 42

OCD (osteochondritis dissecans)- what is it

Answer 42

crack in the bones and gets into the knee joint- true locking like meniscus

Question 43

Myositis ossficans- what is it?

Answer 43

formation of bone in areas of trauma due to calcification

Question 44

Myositis ossificans- contraindications

Answer 44

massage, passive stretching, and resistive exercises