MSK Session 7- Lower Limb Osteology And The Front And Medial Thigh

Question 0

What does the medial malleolus of the tibia articulate with?

Answer 0

The tarsal bones

Question 1

How are the two ends of the tibia adapted for weight bearing?

Answer 1

They are wider than the shaft

Question 2

Why are the deep veins and associated artery in the same vascular sheath?

Answer 2

So that arterial pulsations aid venous return.

Question 3

Which muscle is the strongest hip flexor?

Answer 3

Iliopsoas

Question 4

Where, by definition, is the hip?

Answer 4

Between the iliac crest and the greater trochanter of the femur.

Question 5

Where, by definition, is the thigh?

Answer 5

Between the greater trochanter of the femur and the knee.

Question 6

Where, by definition, is the leg?

Answer 6

Between the knee and the top of the foot.

Question 7

What is the pelvic girdle composed of?

Answer 7

The sacrum and the right and left hip bones joined at the public symphysis.

Question 8

What is the hip bone composed of?

Answer 8

The ilium, ischium and pubis.

Question 9

What is the acetabulum?

Answer 9

It is the depression at which all 3 hip bones come together.

Question 10

What is triradiate cartilage and where is it found?

Answer 10

It is found in the acetabulum and is cartilage between the three hip bones that doesn’t fully fuse until 20-25 years of age.

Question 11

Which is more lateral, the tibia or fibula?

Answer 11

Fibula

Question 12

What is the angle between the neck and the shaft of the femur and what is its purpose?

Answer 12

126 degrees

It is useful to allow a wide range of movement.

Question 13

What is the greater trochanter site of attachment for?

Answer 13

Lateral rotators and abductors.

Question 14

Where is the linea aspera?

Answer 14

On the posterior side of the femur running vertically down the shaft.

Question 15

What do the conduces of the femur articulate with?

Answer 15

The tibia and patella.

Question 16

What is the role of the femur when standing?

Answer 16

Transmits the weight from the tibia to the hip bone.

Question 17

What can be a consequence of an intra capsular fracture of the femur?

Answer 17

Avascular necrosis because the medial femoral circumflex artery can become damaged.

Question 18

What attaches to the tibial tuberosity?

Answer 18

The patella ligament.

Question 19

What do the 2 condyles of the tibia form?

Answer 19

The tibial plateau

Question 20

What is the function of the fibula?

Answer 20

Attachment for leg muscles

Question 21

Which malleolus is more prominent and where is it found?

Answer 21

Lateral

Found on the distal fibula

Question 22

What are the two muscles collectively known as iliopsoas?

Answer 22

Iliacus

Psoas major

Question 23

Name the muscles innervated by the femoral nerve

Answer 23

Sartorius
Pectineus
Iliacus
Quadriceps femoris

Question 24

Name the 4 quadriceps femoris muscles

Answer 24

Vastus medialis Vastus lateralis Vastus intermedius Rectus femoris

Question 25

What is the main function of the quads?

Answer 25

Extensor of the leg at the knee.

Question 26

Which muscles are innervated by the obturator nerve?

Answer 26

The medial thigh muscles

Question 27

Name the 5 medial thigh muscles

Answer 27

``` Gracilis Obturator externus Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor Magnus ```

Question 28

What are the three borders of the femoral triangle?

Answer 28

Base- inguinal ligament Lateral border- sartorius Medial border- adductor longus

Question 29

What are the contents of the femoral triangle? (Lat. to med.)

Answer 29

Femoral nerve Femoral artery Femoral vein

Question 30

Where does the obturator nerve enter the thigh?

Answer 30

Through the obturator foreamen

Question 31

What does the sciatic nerve innervate?

Answer 31

The posterior thigh muscles | And the hamstring part of adductor Magnus

Question 32

Where does the sciatic nerve enter the posterior thigh?

Answer 32

Through the greater sciatic foreamen

Question 33

Which vein can be harvested for use in coronary bypass surgery?

Answer 33

Great saphenous vein

Question 34

What are the main weight bearing bones in the lower limb when standing? (3)

Answer 34

Tibia, femur and calcaneus